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Bulk-darkening threshold of flux-grown KTiOPO4

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Abstract

A quantitative assessment of the bulk-darkening phenomenon for flux-grown KTiOPO4 is reported. Measurements were made for KTiOPO4 use as a component for second-harmonic generation of 1064-nm Nd:YAG radiation operating in a pulsed mode. The results show that the bulk-darkening severity increases with fluence and exposure time. Irreversible bulk darkening has been observed at laser energies ranging from 8.8 to 18 J/cm depending on the shot count. Fluences exceeding 15 J/cm2 can cause catastrophic damage. Data taken at elevated temperatures indicate an improved reliability. The onset of slight bulk darkening revealed no adverse effects on conversion efficiency.

© 1991 Optical Society of America

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