Abstract

Photorefractive (PR) surface waves (SWs) in self-defocusing ${\mathrm{LiNbO}}_3\text{:}\mathrm{Fe}$ are studied theoretically and experimentally. We demonstrate that SWs can also be formed in a self-defocusing nonlinear medium and that the nonlocal nonlinearity (such as the diffusion component of PR nonlinearity in this Letter) is the essential cause. The forming process of PR SWs with a self-deflection course of light beams has been observed. The results indicate the possibility of concentrating light energy in self-defocusing media, taking advantage of SWs.

© 2013 Optical Society of America

Self-defocusing, self-focusing, and speckle in LiNbO₃ and LiNbO₃:Fe crystals

Q. Wang Song, Chun-ping Zhang, and Pierre J. Talbot
Appl. Opt. 32(35) 7266-7271 (1993)

Dark surface waves in self-focusing media with diffusion and photovoltaic nonlinearities

Zhonghao Luo, Fangli Liu, Yuhui Xu, Haoyu Liu, Tianhao Zhang, Jingjun Xu, and Jianguo Tian
Opt. Express 21(13) 15075-15080 (2013)

Giant enhancement of surface second-harmonic generation using photorefractive surface waves with diffusion and drift nonlinearities

H. Z. Kang, T. H. Zhang, H. H. Ma, C. B. Lou, S. M. Liu, J. G. Tian, and J. J. Xu
Opt. Lett. 35(10) 1605-1607 (2010)

Photorefractive lattice surface waves with diffusion nonlinearity

Baogang Zhu, Tianhao Zhang, Huihui Ma, Zheng Yan, Xu Yang, Xiao Li, Weiwei Shao, Cibo Lou, Xiangkui Ren, Jingjun Xu, and Jianguo Tian
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 27(7) 1381-1387 (2010)

Observation of surface dark photovoltaic solitons

Xi Yang, Weiqiang Chen, Peng Yao, Tianhao Zhang, Jianguo Tian, and Jingjun Xu
Opt. Express 21(4) 4783-4789 (2013)