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Ultra-sensitive refractive index sensor based on an extremely simple femtosecond-laser-induced structure

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Abstract

We demonstrate here an extremely simple, compact, and robust refractive index (RI) probe sensor based on a femtosecond-laser induced refractive index-modified dot (RIMD) fabricated near the end face of a single-mode fiber. The RIMD and the fiber end face form a Fabry–Perot interferometer, which is highly sensitive to surrounding RI. The fabrication process of the RIMD involves only one step and takes 0.1s, which is extremely short, compared with other techniques. The proposed sensor exhibits an ultra-high sensitivity of 2523.2dB/RIU at an RI of 1.435, which is one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of the existing intensity-modulated RI sensors. Moreover, the proposed sensor has the distinct advantages of compact size (50μm), easy fabrication, and no temperature cross-sensitivity. The advantages of the device make it a promising candidate for applications in designing highly sensitive sensors in a biochemical and environmental measurement field.

© 2017 Optical Society of America

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