Abstract

We propose and demonstrate the use of graphene electrodes for lithium-niobate electro-optic (EO) devices to exempt the need of incorporating a buffer layer between the waveguide and the electrodes. Using graphene electrodes, our experimental mode converter, based on an EO-generated long-period grating in a ${\mathrm{LiNbO}}_3$ waveguide, shows a reduction in the half-$\pi$ voltage by almost three times, compared with the conventional electrode design using metal. With the buffer layer exempted, the device fabrication process is also significantly simplified. The use of graphene electrodes is an effective approach to enhancing the efficiency of EO devices and, at the same time, reducing their fabrication cost.

© 2018 Optical Society of America

Buried graphene electrode heater for a polymer waveguide thermo-optic device

Xibin Wang, Wei Jin, Zeshan Chang, and Kin Seng Chiang
Opt. Lett. 44(6) 1480-1483 (2019)

Graphene electrodes for electric poling of electro-optic polymer films

Wen Wang, Jieyun Wu, Kaixin Chen, Quandong Huang, Jingdong Luo, and Kin Seng Chiang
Opt. Lett. 45(8) 2383-2386 (2020)

Compact and electro-optic tunable interleaver in lithium niobate thin film

Xue Peng Li, Kai Xin Chen, and Ling Fang Wang
Opt. Lett. 43(15) 3610-3613 (2018)

Electro-optic beam deflection based on a lithium niobate waveguide with microstructured serrated electrodes

Yuan Wang, Suxu Zhou, Donghui He, Yang Hu, Huaixi Chen, Wanguo Liang, Jianhui Yu, Heyuan Guan, Yunhan Luo, Jun Zhang, Zhe Chen, and Huihui Lu
Opt. Lett. 41(20) 4739-4742 (2016)

Extreme electro-optic tuning of Bragg mirrors integrated in lithium niobate nanowaveguides

Marc Reig Escalé, David Pohl, Anton Sergeyev, and Rachel Grange
Opt. Lett. 43(7) 1515-1518 (2018)