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From near-UV to long-wave infrared waveguides inscribed in barium fluoride using a femtosecond laser

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Abstract

Depressed-cladding waveguides (DCWs) of various sizes were inscribed in barium fluoride, allowing single-mode operation in the entirety of its transmission window ($\lambda = {0.2 - 12}\;{\unicode{x00B5}{\rm m}}$). Using femtosecond laser pulses at 515 nm, type I laser modified tracks were overlapped to form circular waveguides, whose cross-sectional geometry and numerical aperture were tailored to accommodate 0.405, 2.85, and 10.6 µm light. The mode profile, propagation loss, refractive index profile, and numerical aperture of the optimized waveguides were analyzed and compared with theory. We particularly demonstrate the challenging inscription of a large DCW for single-mode operation at 10.6 µm with propagation loss of ${\lt}{0.63}\;{\rm dB/cm}$.

© 2021 Optical Society of America

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Data Availability

Data underlying the results presented in this Letter are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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