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High sensitivity multitasking non-reciprocity sensor using the photonic spin Hall effect

Jun-Yang Sui, Si-yuan Liao, BingXiang Li, and Hai-Feng Zhang

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Abstract

A non-reciprocity sensor based on a layered structure with multitasking is proposed, which realizes biological detection and angle sensing. Through an asymmetrical arrangement of different dielectrics, the sensor obtains non-reciprocity on the forward and backward scales, thus achieving multi-scale sensing in different measurement ranges. The structure sets the analysis layer. Injecting the analyte into the analysis layers by locating the peak value of the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) displacement, cancer cells can accurately be distinguished from normal cells via refractive index (RI) detection on the forward scale. The measurement range is 1.569∼1.662, and the sensitivity (S) is 2.97 × 10−2 m/RIU. On the backward scale, the sensor is able to detect glucose solution with 0∼400 g/L concentrations (RI = 1.3323∼1.38), with S = 1.16 × 10−3 m/RIU. When the analysis layers are filled with air, high-precision angle sensing can be achieved in the terahertz range by locating the incident angle of the PSHE displacement peak; 30°∼45°, and 50°∼65° are the detection ranges, and the highest S can reach 0.032 THz/°. This sensor contributes to detecting cancer cells and biomedical blood glucose and offers a new way to the angle sensing.

© 2022 Optica Publishing Group

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Supplementary Material (1)

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Supplement 1       Supplemental Document

Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Schematics of the layered structure. The entire structure is E(ABABGLB)2DGLBC(BGLBA)2C. The thicknesses of the mediums A, B, C, D, E, and the GL are dA = 15 µm, dB = 15 µm, dC = 20 µm, dD = 3 µm, dE = 7.5 µm, and d1 = 0.34 nm, respectively.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Reflection coefficient curves of |rs| and |rp| with different µC: (a) µC = 0.1 eV, (b) µC = 0.3 eV, (c) µC = 0.5 eV, and (d) µC = 0.7 eV.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. When µC changes and EWs are incident from the front: (a) comparison plots of δH- under nA = 1.659, and (b) plots of δH- peak values under different nA.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Schematic diagrams of the RI sensing when EWs propagate forward: (a) continuous varying δH- peaks, (b) LFR between nA and δH-, (c) δH- peaks belonging to normal cells, and (d) δH- peaks belonging to cancer cells.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Schematic diagrams of the RI sensing when EWs propagate backward: (a) continuous varying δH- peaks, (b) LFR between nA and δH-.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Schematic diagrams of the incident angle sensing. Continuous varying δH- peaks: (a) when EWs propagate forward, and (b) when EWs propagate backward. LFR between the incident angle and frequency: (c) on the forward scale, and (d) on the backward scale.

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Tables (2)

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Table 1. Non-Reciprocal Performance of the Sensor

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Table 2. Three Types of Normal Cells and Cancer Cells and Their RI at the Same Concentration [8]

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Equations (3)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

δ ± H = ∓ λ 2 π [ 1 + | r s | | r p | cos ⁡ ( φ s − φ p ) ] cot ⁡ θ i ,
δ ± V = ∓ λ 2 π [ 1 + | r p | | r s | cos ⁡ ( φ p − φ s ) ] cot ⁡ θ i .
n A = 1.33230545 + 0.00011889 C G .
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