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Cross-polarized surface lattice resonances in a rectangular lattice plasmonic metasurface

M. Saad Bin-Alam, Orad Reshef, Raja Naeem Ahmad, Jeremy Upham, Mikko J. Huttunen, Ksenia Dolgaleva, and Robert W. Boyd

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

Multiresonant metasurfaces could enable many applications in filtering, sensing, and nonlinear optics. However, developing a metasurface with more than one high-quality-factor or high-Q resonance at designated resonant wavelengths is challenging. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a plasmonic metasurface exhibiting different, narrow surface lattice resonances by exploiting the polarization degree of freedom where different lattice modes propagate along different dimensions of the lattice. The surface consists of aluminum nanostructures in a rectangular periodic lattice. The resulting surface lattice resonances were measured around 640 nm and 1160 nm with Q factors of ∼50 and ∼800, respectively. The latter is a record-high plasmonic Q factor within the near-infrared type-II window. Such metasurfaces could benefit such applications as frequency conversion and all-optical switching.

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Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Figures (3)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Plasmonic metasurface in 2D. Normally incident light polarized (a) along the $x$-axis excites an SLR along the periodicity $P_{y}$ (vertical, red), (b) along the $y$-axis excites an SLR along the periodicity $P_{x}$ (horizontal, green), and (c) diagonally simultaneously excites SLRs along both directions. The yellow ring encircling each V-shaped nanostructure represents the LSPRs. (d) Focused-ion beam micrograph of fabricated metasurface.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a) Simulated and (b) experimentally measured normalized transmission spectra of the polarization-dependent ($x$-axis, $y$-axis, and diagonal) multiresonant LSPRs and SLRs in the plasmonic metasurface. Diagonally polarized light excites the LSPRs and SLRs of both dimensions, enabling simultaneous SLRs around 649 nm and 1150 nm. (c)–(h) Close-ups of the measured spectra for the (c)–(e) visible and (f)–(h) NIR resonances for different polarizations.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Normalized electric field distributions of the SLR modes for the $x$-polarization at (a) 640 nm and (b) 1158 nm, $y$-polarization at (c) 575 nm and (d) 649 nm, and diagonal polarization at (e) 640 nm, (f) 1158 nm, (g) 575 nm, and (h) 649 nm.

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