Abstract

In this Letter, we report continuous-wave (CW) lasers with wavelengths beyond 3 µm in homemade Ho³⁺/Pr³⁺ co-doped AlF₃-based glass fibers. The laser cavity was established through the integration of a dichroic mirror (DM, HR@3–3.1 µm) positioned at the pump end and a partial reflectivity (PR) fiber Bragg grating (FBG) situated at the laser emission end. The FBGs in AlF₃-based glass fibers were fabricated by a fs laser direct-writing method, and the resonant wavelengths were 3.009, 3.036, and 3.064 µm, respectively. Under the pump of 1.15 µm laser, a maximum unsaturated output power of 1.014 W was obtained at 3.009 µm with an overall laser efficiency of 11.8% and FWHM bandwidth of 0.88 nm. Furthermore, in order to enhance the optical–thermal stability, the FBG was heat-treated at 200°C for 30 min, and a higher output power of 1081 mW (348 mW without heat treatment) at 3.036 µm was achieved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of 3–3.1 µm lasers by using FBGs in Ho³⁺/Pr³⁺ co-doped AlF₃-based fibers.

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