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Investigation of a twisting-fused side-pump coupler based on tellurite fiber

Guanghui Wang, Yongteng Xia, Lingling Yang, Lulu Xu, Yuzhou Pan, Shixun Dai, Yingying Wang, Xunsi Wang, Peiqing Zhang, and Zijun Liu

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Abstract

Fiber side-pump couplers can enhance the output power of fiber laser due to their dependable and efficient operation and impressive power handling capability. We developed a tellurite fiber side-pump coupler by twisting and fusing a tapered pump fiber onto a target fiber. The effect of twisting parameters on coupling efficiency was comprehensively investigated through theoretical simulations and experiments. Experimental results exhibited an impressive coupling efficiency of 76.5% and a root mean square stability of 0.086% and 0.091% before and after one month, respectively, driven by an incident pump power of up to 4.2 W.

© 2024 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement

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Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Figures (9)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Diagram of a twisting-fused side-pump coupler.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Relationship between coupling efficiency and Lwaist of the PF.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. (a) Helix situation of the tapered pump fiber under different rotation angles, and (b) different waist lengths.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. (a) Simulation of the relationship between pump coupling efficiency with the rotation angle and Lwaist, (b) Relationship between P with the rotation angle and Lwaist.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. (a) Illustration of the (1 + 1) × 1 side pump coupler fabrication system (inset: partial microscope picture of the side-pump coupler). (b) Experimental setup for coupling efficiency measurement.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. (a) Diameter scanning of different waist lengths (0, 3, 5, 10, and 15 mm) at different longitudinal positions for five different tapered pump fibers. (b) Coupling efficiency for different waist lengths at the input power of 0.1-1 W.

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. (a) Cross-sectional view of the coupler 5 in the waist region at 1000x (the dotted box shows a portion of the fusion for the PF and SF), (b) Measurement of the fusion depth at 5000x for the PF and SF.

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Fig. 8.
Fig. 8. Images showing the different sections of a twisting-fused side-pump coupler: (a) the dotted box shows a portion of the PF taper region along the SF; (b) the waist region of the PF twisting along the SF;(c) the end tip of the waist region after removing the pump fiber;

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Fig. 9.
Fig. 9. Output power of the tellurite fiber coupler over time before (a) and after (b) 1 month for 1 hour while pumping with 4.2W at 980 nm.

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Tables (1)

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Table 1. Coupling efficiency of the coupler with different values of Lwaist and rotation angle.

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