Abstract
In the past few years, the phenomenon of stepwise upconconversion in Er-activated materials has been of considerable interest to researchers in the solid state laser community. The Impetus of this interest is an efficient laser operating in the wavelength range of 3 µm. A number of researchers have examined the upconversion processes in Er in various materials.1–5 The importance of upconversion has also been demonstrated in actual lasers in quasi-cw operations.2,3,5
© 1989 Optical Society of America
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