Abstract
Recent theoretical and experimental studies of the self-focusing of femtosecond pulses1,2 have shown that the inclusion of a small amount of positive group-velocity dispersion (GVD) substantially alters the nonlinear dynamics of the self-focusing process. The theoretical analysis is based on the (3D + 1) nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE), and the most significant prediction is that the pulse undergoes temporal splitting as it self-focuses in the nonlinear medium. This pulse-splitting behavior was confirmed by experiments performed in glass.2 More recently, the NLSE was extended for pulse envelopes down to the single-cycle regime.3 This nonlinear envelope equation (NEE) includes in a self-consistent fashion the effects of space-time focusing4 and self-steepening.5
© 1998 Optical Society of America
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