Abstract
The move in recent years towards high bit rate wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) data-communication systems and metropolitan networks has required devices which have to meet different constraints to those in long haul telecommunication systems. New WDM strategies include Narrowband WDM (NWDM) and Coarse or Wideband WDM (CWDM and WWDM) with channel wavelength spacings up to 25 nm.1–4 These schemes provide routes to producing lower cost systems incorporating cheaper lasers with reduced wavelength precision together with novel (de)multiplexer components and with wide channel passbands. In addition, metropolitan networks require filters with reduced channel count and spacing. Although the specifications for channel count and wavelength spacing are more relaxed in datacommunications, the demultiplexer devices require small footprints, low cost and simplicity.
© 2002 Optical Society of America
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