Abstract
Thin film filter devices and arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) have dominated WDM multiplexing/demultiplexing over the last decade. However, the AWG and filter devices are presently at the limits of their capabilities. Discrete filter devices are constrained simply by assembly cost, physical size, and an insertion loss that increases linearly with the number of cascaded filters (i.e. the number of wavelength channels). AWG devices are also facing fundamental limits due to the large number of array waveguide required and the physical size of the AWG to achieve higher channel counts and narrower channel spacings. AWG (in glass or silicon-on-insulator) devices are usually so large that integration of multiple dispersive elements on a single chip, although demonstrated, is not feasible for practical deployment.
© 2002 Optical Society of America
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