Abstract
This tutorial aims to highlight latest results in the field of bismuth-doped fiber amplifiers for extended (outside Er bands) wavelength windows within telecom fiber transparency range. Also latest results on Er-Bi- hybrid amplifier will be reviewed. Fundamental and technical challenges toward the development of efficient amplifiers on bismuth fibers are discussed. Some of the noticeable work will not be mentioned and discussed due to limited timeframe of the presentation for which I apologize in advance.
© 2018 The Author(s)
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