Abstract
Organic second-order nonlinear optical materials, in competition with inorganic materials, must fulfill the conditions of both large susceptibilities and short cutoff wavelength, together with processability, mechanical strength, chemical, thermal and temporal stabilities. Enormous numbers of conjugated compounds have already been investigated. Almost all of them are, however, electrically neutral molecules, and do not conquer the tradeoff issues between susceptibility and cutoff wavelength. Ionic organic compounds have been investigated little for this purpose, even though they generally have several advantages as follows. In the case of single crystals, alignment of the ionic chromophore can be controlled into a polar structure by changing the counter ions [1-3]. Thus, there is no need to modify the chemical structure of the chromophore itself after having determined the ionic species with large hyperpolarizability (β). Mechanical properties, especially hardness, of the ionic crystals are better than those of neutral crystals. In addition, high melting point and/or thermal stability is also expected.
© 1995 Optical Society of America
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