Abstract
Since the formation of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) over a year ago, 1 experimental investigation of their geometric, thermodynamic, and mechanical properties has progressed at a rapid rate, 2 For BECs with no measurable thermal-atom component, zero-temperature mean-field theory (MFT) has been found to agree well with experimental data on BEC shapes and sizes 3 and collective excitation frequencies 4 We report new results on two aspects of BEC excitation spectroscopy: the excitation spectra of vortex states; and the treatment of finite-temperature systems.
© 1997 Optical Society of America
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