Abstract
Major experimental advances have recently been made in fluorescence (vibrational) cooling of solids and liquids.1-3 Since the first observation of optical refrigeration (OR) in a solid (ytterbium- doped glass) in 1995 by Epstein, et al.,1 antiStokes fluorescence cooling of solids has made large strides toward achieving laser induced solid-state cryocoolers.4,5 There has been significant progress in anti-Stokes cooling of semiconductor materials although no net cooling has been yet observed due to radiation trapping.6,7
© 2001 Optical Society of America
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