Table 1
Total Aerosol Optical Thickness over the Ocean: Average (Top Entry) and Standard Deviation (Bottom Entry) [16]
Region | λ (nm) |
---|
440 | 510 | 550 | 650 | 750 | 850 | 1020 |
---|
Pacific Ocean | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
| 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
Mediterranean Sea | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.10 |
| 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
Coastal Regions and | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.17 | — | 0.12 |
Inner Seas | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.07 |
Table 2
Classification of Ocean Regions by Atmosphere Optical Parameters [16]
Region | 〈τ0a
(550)〉 | 〈α〉 |
---|
Central Ocean | 0.07 | 0.40 |
Coastal (Including Inner Seas) | 0.20 | 0.90 |
Table 3
Case of Shipboard Observation: Residual Variances of Estimating Phytoplankton (log
C
), Sediment (log
X
), and Yellow Substance (log
Y
) from Radiance Measurements with (
h
) and without (
h
) Accounting for Sensor Noise
Retrieved Parameter and Concentration Range | Number of Channels |
---|
5 | 6 | 28 | 54 |
---|
C (0.1–10 mg∕m2) | | | | |
h
0
| 0.042 | 0.037 | 0.00047 | 0.00004 |
h
| 0.066 | 0.053 | 0.0138 | 0.0172 |
X = b
x
(550) (0.1–1 m−1) | | | | |
h
0
| 0.0067 | 0.0071 | 0.00004 | 0.00001 |
h
| 0.0073 | 0.0078 | 0.0028 | 0.0035 |
Y = a
y
(550) (0.1–1 m−1) | | | | |
h
0
| 0.0017 | 0.0015 | 0.00001 | 0.000001 |
h
| 0.0021 | 0.0018 | 0.00085 | 0.0010 |
Table 4
Residual Variance (
h
) of Estimating Phytoplankton (log
C
), Sediment (log
X
), and Yellow Substance (log
Y
) and Corresponding Relative Errors (δ
C
, δ
X
, and δ
Y
) for Shipboard Observations as a Function of the Sensor Resource
S
(Resource of the LASH Sensor is Set to 1)
|
S
| 1 | 10 | 20 | 100 | 104
| 106
|
h
0
| |
---|
C
|
h
| 1.4 × 10−2
| 8.6 × 10−3
| 7.2 × 10−3
| 5.3 × 10−3
| 2.0 × 10−3
| 6.4 × 10−4
| 4.7 × 10−4
| |
| δC% | 27.0 | 21.4 | 19.5 | 16.7 | 10.2 | 5.8 | 5.0 | |
X
|
h
| 2.8 × 10−3
| 1.4 × 10−3
| 1.0 × 10−3
| 5.2 × 10−4
| 1.5 × 10−4
| 6 × 10−5
| 4 × 10−5
| |
| δX% | 12.1 | 8.6 | 7.4 | 5.2 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 1.5 | |
Y
|
h
| 8.5 × 10−4
| 5.2 × 10−4
| 4.3 × 10−4
| 2.8 × 10−4
| 7 × 10−5
| 2 × 10−5
| 1 × 10−5
| |
| δY% | 6.7 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 3.9 | 1.9 | 1.0 | 0.7 | |
Table 5
Residual Variance (
h
) of Estimating Phytoplankton (log
C
), Sediment (log
X
) and Yellow Substance (log
Y
) and Corresponding Relative Errors (δ
C
, δ
X
, and δ
Y
) for Airborne Observations from Height
H
for the LASH Sensor
|
H (km) |
---|
| 0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 10.0 | 20.0 |
---|
C
| | | | | | | |
h
| 1.4 × 10−2
| 1.7 × 10−2
| 1.8 × 10−2
| 2.1 × 10−2
| 2.2 × 10−2
| 2.3 × 10−2
| 2.3 × 10−2
|
δC% | 27.0 | 30.0 | 31.2 | 33.2 | 34.0 | 34.9 | 35.2 |
X
| | | | | | | |
h
| 2.8 × 10−3
| 3.8 × 10−3
| 4.5 × 10−3
| 5.6 × 10−3
| 6.3 × 10−3
| 7.1 × 10−3
| 7.2 × 10−3
|
δX% | 12.1 | 14.2 | 15.4 | 17.5 | 18.4 | 19.4 | 19.5 |
Y
| | | | | | | |
h
| 8.5 × 10−4
| 1.8 × 10−3
| 2.0 × 10−3
| 2.4 × 10−3
| 2.5 × 10−3
| 2.7 × 10−3
| 2.8 × 10−3
|
δY% | 6.7 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 11.2 | 11.6 | 12.1 | 12.2 |
Table 6
Residual Variance (
h
) of Estimating Phytoplankton (log
C
), Sediment (log
X
), and Yellow Substance (log
Y
) and Corresponding Relative Errors (δ
C
, δ
X
, and δ
Y
) for Different Ranges of Concentration of
C
(
I
,
I
1, and
I
2), Observations from Height
H
= 20 km
|
I (C = 0.1–10 mg m−3) |
I
1 (C = 0.1–1 mg m−3) |
I
2 (C = 1–10 mg m−3) |
---|
C
| | | |
h
| 2.3 × 10−2
| 1.6 × 10−2
| 8.3 × 10−3
|
δC% | 35.2 | 29.5 | 21.0 |
X
| | | |
h
| 7.2 × 10−3
| 6.0 × 10−3
| 7.1 × 10−3
|
δX% | 19.5 | 17.9 | 19.2 |
Y
| | | |
h
| 2.8 × 10−3
| 1.0 × 10−3
| 1.8 × 10−3
|
δY% | 12.2 | 7.1 | 9.8 |