Abstract

Ellipse fitting algorithms (EFAs) have been widely used in ${3} \times {3}$ coupler demodulation systems to reduce the requirement for symmetry of the ${3} \times {3}$ couplers. Based on the relative stability of the splitting ratio and phase difference after the establishment of the ${3} \times {3}$ coupler demodulation system, we solve the problem that EFA fails to work when the stimulating signal is small. Depending on the existence of a symmetry point about the origin, an additional phase shift judgment module is used to determine whether the Lissajous figure is larger than $\pi$ rad. If the elliptical arc exceeds $\pi$ rad, the EFA is executed. Otherwise, the previous parameters are used to correct the ellipse. Parameters are updated in real time to ensure high precision. The experimental results show that the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the ameliorated algorithm is improved by 1.28% compared to the EFA without the judgment module with a stimulus amplitude of 30 mV. The proposed scheme can effectively improve the dynamic range of the ${3} \times {3}$ coupler demodulation to reach 125.64 dB @ 1 kHz and 1% THD. The algorithm ensures the effective operation of the EFA under small phase shift conditions and improves the accuracy of phase demodulation.

© 2024 Optica Publishing Group

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