Table 1
Observed Wavelengths and Intensitiesa for Copperlike Ions from Ru15+ to Sn21+
Ru15+ Rh16+ pd17+ AG18+ Cd19+ In20+ Sn21+
Transition λ(Å) I λ(Å) I λ(Å) I λ(Å) I λ(Å) I λ(Å) I λ(Å) I 4s 2 S 1/2 –6p 2 P 3/2 49.62b 5 45.152 5 4s 2 S 1/2 –6p 2 P 1/2 49.89b 3 45.386 3 4p 2 P 1/2 –6d 2 D 3/2 54.065 30 48.976 10 44.64b 20 40.83b 8 4p 2 P 3/2 –6d 2 D 5/2 55.282 40 50.150 15 45.74b 30 41.89b 10 38.506 10 4p 2 P 3/2 –6s 2 S 1/2 61.264 40h 55.425 40 50.42b 40 46.060 40 38.922 2 4d 2 D 3/2 –6f 2 F 5/2 67.721 200 60.862 200 55.030 100 50.007 200 45.661 200 38.552 300 4d 2 D 5/2 –6f 2 F 7/2 68.055 1 000c 61.182 400 55.333 150 50.300 300 45.938 300 38.808 400 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 68.055 1 000c 62.106 1 000 56.921 1 000 52.372 1 000 48.349 1 000 44.784 1 000 41.604 1 000 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 68.914 700 62.938 800 57.731 700 53.163 2 000d 49.120 700 45.534 900 42.346 400 4p 2 P 1/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 71.701 1 000 65.244 1 000 59.658 1 300 54.773 500 50.471 400 46.665 500 43.286 600 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 73.784 3 000 67.246 3 000 61.578 2 500 56.617 1 300 52.259 2 500 48.391 1 500 44.958 1 500 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 73.975 40 (67.423)e 61.757 40 56.799 50 (52.430)e 48.564 50 45.131 200 4f 2 F –7g 2 G 78.962 10 4d 2 D 3/2 –5f 2 F 5/2 89.867 1 200 81.195 2 000 73.756 4 000 67.336 5 000 61.733 3 000 56.826 4 000 52.499 7 00 4d 2 D 5/2 –5f 2 F 7/2 90.456 1 500 81.753 2 500 74.289 5 000 67.850 8 000 62.227 6 000d 57.303 5 000 52.964 12 000 4d 2 D 5/2 –5f 2 F 5/2 90.476 30u 81.784 40u 67.876 20u 4p 2 P 1/2 –5s 2 S 1/2 93.821 2 500 84.742 2 500 76.941 3 000 70.183 7 000 64.282 3 000 59.107 4 000 54.538 3 000 4p 2 P 3/2 –5s 2 S 1/2 97.761 5 000 88.461 5 000 80.467 6 000 73.542 16 000 67.495 8 000 62.187 10 000 57.502 15 000 4f 2 F 5/2 –6g 2 G 7/2 94.437 700 83.528 600 74.407 700 66.724 700 60.176 800d 54.548 700 49.694 600d 4f 2 F 7/2 –6g 2 G 9/2 94.458 700 83.547 1 000 74.437 1 000 66.756 1 000 60.206 500 54.589 900 49.736 400 4d 2 D 3/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 138.045 500 122.440 100 109.363 200 98.313 800 88.879 500 80.749 900u 73.701 8000 4d 2 D 5/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 139.487 5 000 123.768 1 000 110.609 4 000 99.482 10 000 89.978 16 000 81.799 20 000 74.701 90 000 4d 2 D 3/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 141.625 3 500 125.711 600 112.388 1 000 101.130 6 000 91.511 8 000 83.233 12 000 76.054 50 000 4f 2 F 5/2 –5g 2 G 7/2 139.888 5 000 123.631 4 000 110.078 8 000 98.666 20 000 88.963 30 000 80.647 40 000 73.453 150 000 4f 2 F 7/2 –5g 2 G 9/2 139.926 5 000 123.678 4 000 110.135 8 000 98.731 20 000 89.032 30 000 80.721 40 000 73.530 150 000 4f 2 F 7/2 –5g 2 G 7/2 110.154 50 98.755 50u 89.061 50u 73.560 40u 4f 2 F 5/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 100.517 600 4f 2 F 7/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 160.130 300 141.088 1 200 125.270 1 500 111.965 2 000 100.699 16 000 4f 2 F 5/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 161.171 250 142.007 1 000 126.084 1 200 112.694 1 700 101.357 8 000 4p 2 P 1/2 –4d 2 D 3/2 209.299 4 000 195.868 5 000 183.858 4 500 173.023 12 000 163.193 25 000 154.236 60 000 146.021 100 000 4p 2 P 3/2 –4d 2 D 5/2 226.052 4 500 212.875 5 000 201.109 6 000 190.543 20 000 180.989 25 000 172.293 80 000 164.360 150 000 4p 2 P 3/2 –4d 2 D 3/2 229.943 2 500 216.939 3 000 205.352 3 000 194.981 2 000 185.612 4 000 177.118 5 000 169.379 10 000 4d 2 D 3/2 –4f 2 F 5/2 223.152 3000 208.326 3 500 195.373 4 000 183.942 8 000 173.787 20 000 164.699 20 000 156.518 60 000 4d 2 D 5/2 –4f 2 F 7/2 226.775 3 500 212.002 4 000 199.110 3 500 187.753 10 000 177.664 15 000 168.659 30 000 160.563 120 000 4d 2 D 5/2 –4f 2 F 5/2 212.218 25 199.385 75 188.079 200 (178.046)e 169.117 500 161.033 1 000 4s 2 S 1/2 –4p 2 P 3/2 322.438 4 000 300.876 4 500 281.295 5 000 263.574 15 000 247.411 22 000 232.632 30 000 218.978 60 000 4s 2 S 1/2 –4p 2 P 1/2 374.286 1 000 353.564 1 200 334.975 2 000 318.130 4 000 302.871 5 000 288.943 10 000 276.065 25 000
a Symbols: h, hazy; u, unresolved from close line.
b Uncertainty ±0.03 Å.
c Doubly classified; intensity is due mainly to 4
s 2 S 1/2 –5
p 2 P 3/2 transition.
d Anomalous intensity, possibly perturbed.
e Masked by strong line of another ionization stage, wavelength calculated from energy levels.
Table 2
Differences (O − C) Between Observed Wavelengths (in Å) for Y10+ , Ru15+ , Pd17+ , Cd19+ , Sn21+ , Sm33+ , and Those Calculated by Cheng and Kim22
Transition Y10+ Ru15+ pd17+ Cd19+ Sn21+ Sm33+ 4s 2 S 1/2 –4p 2P 1/2 −1.18 0.74 1.04 1.26 1.36 1.60a 4s 2 S 1/2 –4p 2 p 3/2 −1.82 −0.01 0.27 0.43 0.52 0.56 4p 2 P 1/2 –4d 2 D 3/2 −2.04 −0.56 −0.35 −0.24 −0.16 0.02 4p 2 P 3/2 –4d 2 D 5/2 −1.93 −0.46 −0.25 −0.13 −0.06 0.07 4p 2 P 3/2 –4d 2 D 3/2 −1.90 −0.42 −0.21 −0.08 −0.01 0.14 4d 2 D 3/2 –4f 2 F 5/2 −2.28 −0.68 −0.44 −0.33 −0.25 −0.07 4d 2 D 5/2 –4f 2 F 7/2 −2.28 −0.67 −0.43 −0.32 −0.24 −0.07 4d 2 D 5/2 –4f 2 F 5/2 −2.25a −0.63a −0.40 −0.30a −0.24 −0.03a 4f 2 F 5/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 −5.41a −1.43a −0.94 −0.62 −0.44 0.12a 4f 2 F 7/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 −5.36a −1.46a −0.92 −0.61 −0.43 0.06a 4f 2 F 5/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 −5.43a −1.49a −0.94a 0.63a −0.43 0.06a 4f 2 F 5/2 –5g 2 G 7/2 −3.89 −1.18 −0.78 −0.54 −0.38 −0.06 4f 2 F 7/2 –5g 2 G 9/2 −3.87 −1.17 −0.77 −0.53 −0.38 −0.06 4f 2 F 7/2 –5g 2 G 7/2 −3.87a −1.17a −0.78 −0.53 −0.38 −0.06a 4d 2 D 3/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 −2.84 −0.85 −0.58 −0.40 −0.29 0.09a 4d 2 D 5/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 −2.80 −0.84 −0.56 −0.39 −0.28 0.07a 4d 2 D 3/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 −2.81 −0.84 −0.57 −0.39 −0.30 0.11a 4f 2 F 5/2 –6g 2 G 7/2 −1.88 −0.58 −0.39 −0.27 −0.20 4f 2 F 7/2 –6g 2 G 9/2 −1.86 −0.58 −0.39 −0.27 −0.20 4p 2 P 1/2 –5s 2 S 1/2 −1.57 −0.51 −0.36 −0.26 −0.20 −0.01 4p 2 P 3/2 –5s 2 S 1/2 −1.55 −0.50 −0.35 −0.26 −0.20 −0.03 4d 2 D 3/2 –5f 2 F 5/2 −1.27 −0.45 −0.32 −0.24 −0.18 −0.01 4d 2 D 5/2 –5f F 7/2 −1.27 −0.45 −0.32 −0.24 −0.18 −0.01 4d 2 D 5/2 –5f 2 F 5/2 −1.26a −0.45 −0.32a −0.24a −0.18a −0.02 4d 2 D 3/2 –6f 2 F 5/2 −0.96 −0.32 −0.22 −0.16 −0.11 0.01 4d 2 D 5/2 –6f 2 F 7/2 −0.95 −0.32 −0.22 −0.16 −0.11 0.02 4p 2 P 1/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 −0.92 −0.30 −0.21 −0.15 −0.11 0.04 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 −0.91 −0.30 −0.20 −0.14 −0.11 0.02 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 −0.91 −0.29 −0.20 −0.14a −0.11 0.04 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 −0.80 −0.24 −0.16 −0.11 −0.06 0.04 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 −0.80 −0.24 −0.16 −0.11 −0.07 0.04 4p 2 P 1/2 –6d 2 D 3/2 −0.70 −0.22 −0.13 4p 2 P 3/2 –6d 2 D 5/2 −0.69 −0.23 −0.13 −0.10 4p 2 P 3/2 –6d 2 D 3/2 −0.69 −0.22a −0.12a 4p 2 P 1/2 –6s 2 S 1/2 −0.87 −0.27a −0.19a 4p 2 P 3/2 –6s 2 S 1/2 −0.86 −0.27 −0.18 4s 2 S 1/2 –6p 2 P 1/2 −0.58 −0.17 4s 2 S 1/2 –6p 2 P 3/2 −0.58 −0.20
a Transition not observed; wavelength calculated from experimental energy level values.
Table 3
Energy Levels of Ru15+
Term J E (cm−1 ) Uncertainty (cm−1 ) n *Fine-Structure Interval (cm−1 ) 4s 2 S 1/2 0 12 3.0426 4p 2 P 1/2 267 178 14 3.1860 42 953 3/2 310 131 13 3.2110 4d 2 D 3/2 744 998 19 3.5027 7 507 5/2 752 505 20 3.5085 4f 2 F 5/2 1193 123 28 3.9057 348 7/2 1 193 471 28 3.9061 5s 2 S 1/2 1 333 035 78 4.0631 5p 2 P 1/2 1 451 088 52 4.2118 18 321 3/2 1 469 409 40 4.2364 5d 2 D 3/2 1 661 900 140 4.5237 3 540 5/2 1 665 440 180 4.5295 5f 2 F 5/2 1 857 760 110 4.8856 260 7/2 1 858 020 120 4.8861 5g 2 G 7/2 1 907 981 58 4.9933 153 9/2 1 908 134 58 4.9936 6s 2 S 1/2 1 942 410 270 5.0714 6p 2 P 1/2 2 004 400 1200 5.2217 10 900 3/2 2 015 300 1200 5.2496 6d 2 D 3/2 2 116 800 510 5.532 2 240 5/2 2 119 040 330 5.539 6f 2 F 5/2 2 221 650 220 5.878 260 7/2 2 221 910 320 5.879 6g 2 G 7/2 2 252 030 120 5.991 110 9/2 2 252 140 120 5.992 7g 2 G 7/2, 9/2 2 459 750 240 6.990 Limit 3 034 700 800
Table 4
Energy Levels of Rh16+
Term J E (cm−1 ) Uncertainty (cm−1 ) n *Fine-Structure Interval (cm−1 ) 4s 2 S 1/2 0 13 3.0745 4p 2 P 1/2 282 831 15 3.2129 49 538 3/2 332 369 14 3.2392 4d 2 D 3/2 793 345 19 3.5186 8 789 5/2 802 134 18 3.5246 4f 2 F 5/2 1 273 355 21 3.9032 473 7/2 1 273 828 28 3.9037 5s 2 S 1/2 1 462 844 98 4.0940 5p 2 P 1/2 1 588 823 64 4.2375 21 264 3/2 1 610 087 48 4.2632 5d 2 D 3/2 1 815 540 240 4.5388 3 910 5/2 1 819 450 220 4.5446 5f 2 F 5/2 2 024 910 110 4.8830 420 7/2 2 025 330 150 4.8837 5g 2 G 7/2 2 082 213 69 4.992 167 9/2 2 082 380 71 4.992 6s 2 S 1/2 2 136 610 490 5.102 6p 2 P 1/2 2 203 300 1500 5.248 11400 3/2 2 214 700 1500 5.274 6d 2 D 3/2 2 324 600 1300 5.548 1800 6f 2 F 5/2 2 326 400 600 5.553 6f 2 F 5/2 2 436 410 270 5.876 190 7/2 2 436 600 270 5.876 6g 2 G 7/2 2 470 560 150 5.988 200 9/2 2 470 760 150 5.989 Limit 3 355 000 1100
Table 5
Energy Levels of Pd17+
Term J E (cm−1 ) Uncertainty (cm−1 ) n *Fine-Structure Interval (cm−1 ) 4s 2 S 1/2 0 14 3.1041 4p 2 P 1/2 298 532 15 3.2378 56 963 3/2 355 495 15 3.2654 4d 2 D 3/2 842 449 19 3.5336 10 292 5/2 852 741 19 3.5400 4f 2 F 5/2 1 354 288 21 3.9016 685 7/2 1 354 973 28 3.9021 5s 2 S 1/2 1 598 230 110 4.1228 5p 2 P 1/2 1 732 221 79 4.2615 24 609 3/2 1 756 830 59 4.2886 5d 2 D 3/2 1 974 747 43 4.5529 4 719 5/2 1 979 466 47 4.5591 5f 2 F 5/2 2 198 270 180 4.8821 560 7/2 2 198 830 180 4.8830 5g 2 G 7/2 2 262 764 64 4.991 186 9/2 2 262 950 87 4.992 6s 2 S 1/2 2 338 800 1200. 5.130 6d 2 D 3/2 2 538 700 1500 5.557 3100 5/2 2 541 800 1400 5.565 6f 2 F 5/2 2 659 640 330 5.874 340 7/2 2 659 980 330 5.875 6g 2 G 7/2 2 698 250 180 5.988 140 9/2 2 698 390 180 5.988 Limit 3 690 000 1200
Table 6
Energy Levels of Ag18+
Term J E (cm−1 ) Uncertainty (cm−1 ) n *Fine-Structure Interval (cm−1 ) 4s 2 S 1/2 0 15 3.1315 4p 2 P 1/2 314 336 17 3.2609 65 067 3/2 379 403 16 3.2898 4d 2 D 3/2 892 277 20 3.5477 11 947 5/2 904 224 21 3.5544 4f 2 F 5/2 1 435 920 24 3.9005 919 7/2 1 436 839 32 3.9012 5s 2 S 1/2 1 739 180 140 4.1496 5p 2 P 1/2 1 881 096 96 4.2838 28 337 3/2 1 909 433 72 4.3122 5d 2 D 3/2 2 140 107 54 4.5665 5 511 5/2 2 145 618 59 4.5732 5f 2 F 5/2 2 377 390 200 4.8816 670 7/2 2 378 060 220 4.8826 5g 2 G 7/2 2 449 440 100 4.9909 250 9/2 2 449 690 110 4.9913 6s 2 S 1/2 2 550 480 470 5.158 6d 2 D 3/2 2 763 500 1800 5.571 3 100 5/2 2 766 600 1700 5.578 6f 2 F 5/2 2 892 000 400 5.875 300 7/2 2 892 300 400 5.876 6g 2 G 7/2 2 934 630 230 5.987 200 9/2 2 934 830 230 5.988 Limit 4 039 800 1300
Table 7
Energy Levels of Cd19+
Term J E (cm−1 ) Uncertainty (cm−1 ) n *Fine-Structure Interval (cm−1 ) 4s 2 S 1/2 0 17 3.1566 4p 2 P 1/2 330 174 19 3.2820 74 012 3/2 404 186 18 3.3122 4d 2 D 3/2 942 945 24 3.5606 13 762 5/2 956 707 30 3.5677 4f 2 F 5/2 1 518 361 37 3.8993 1 206 7/2 1 519 567 39 3.9001 5s 2 S 1/2 1 885 800 160 4.1740 5p 2 P 1/2 2 035 720 120 4.3040 32 370 3/2 2 068 090 100 4.3337 5d 2 D 3/2 2 311 484 72 4.5786 6 356 5/2 2 317 840 73 4.5856 5f 2 F 5/2 2 562 820 260 4.8810 910 7/2 2 563 730 260 4.8822 5g 2 G 7/2 2 642 410 100 4.9899 350 9/2 2 642 760 130 4.9904 6d 2 D 5/2 3 001 180 670 5.591 6f 2 F 5/2 3 133 000 480 5.874 550 7/2 3 133 550 480 5.875 6g 2 G 7/2 3 180 150 280 5.986 380 9/2 3 180 530 280 5.987 Limit 4 405 300 1400
Table 8
Energy Levels of In20+
Term J E (cm−1 ) Uncertainty (cm−1 ) n *Fine-Structure Interval (cm−1 ) 4s 2 S 1/2 0 19 3.1799 4p 2 P 1/2 346 089 21 3.3015 83 774 3/2 429 863 20 3.3331 4d 2 D 3/2 994 448 26 3.5727 15 835 5/2 1 010 283 28 3.5802 4f 2 F 5/2 1 601 603 32 3.8984 1 592 7/2 1 603 195 42 3.8994 5s 2 S 1/2 2 037 930 190 4.1965 5p 2 P 1/2 2 195 920 140 4.3226 36 890 3/2 2 232 810 130 4.3537 5d 2 D 3/2 2 488 965 82 4.5901 7 368 5/2 2 496 333 88 4.5975 5f 2 F 5/2 2 754 210 310 4.8805 1 180 7/2 2 755 390 310 4.8819 5g 2 G 7/2 2 841 570 160 4.989 460 9/2 2 842 030 160 4.990 6s 2 S 1/2 2.999 100 1300 5.204 6g 2 G 7/2 3 434 850 340 5.985 220 9/2 3 435 070 340 5.985 Limit 4 785 900 1600
Table 9
Energy Levels of Sn21+
Term J E (cm−1 ) Uncertainty (cm−1 ) n *Fine-Structure Interval (cm−1 ) 4s 2 S 1/2 0 21 3.2018 4s 2 P 1/2 362 235 24 3.3200 94 430 3/2 456 665 24 3.3530 4d 2 D 3/2 1 047 076 32 3.5845 17 982 5/2 1 065 058 34 3.5923 4f 2 F 5/2 1 686 017 40 3.8984 1 846 7/2 1 687 863 48 3.8994 5s 2 S 1/2 2 195 770 230 4.2181 5p 2 P 1/2 2 361 920 170 4.3406 41 890 3/2 2 403 810 140 4.3732 5d 2 D 3/2 2 672 620 100 4.6016 8 279 5/2 2 680 899 78 4.6092 5f 2 F 5/2 2 951 870 360 4.8814 1.260 7/2 2 953 130 360 4.8827 5g 2 G 7/2 3 047 420 180 4.990 430 9/2 3 047 850 190 4.990 6f 2 F 5/2 3 641 000 2000 5.873 800 7/2 3 641 800 2000 5.874 6g 2 G 7/2 3 698 330 410 5.985 150 9/2 3 698 480 410 5.986 Limit 5 180 900 1800
Table 10
Wavelengths (in Å) of 4s –5p and 4p –5d Transitions Calculated from Optimized Level Values
Ion Transition λ (obs) λ (calc) Uncertaintya Ru15+ 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 68.055 68.055 0.002 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 68.914 68.914 0.003 Rh16+ 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 62.106 62.108 0.002 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 62.938 62.940 0.003 Pd17+ 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 56.921 56.921 0.002 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 57.731 57.729 0.003 4p 2 P 1/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 59.658 59.658 0.002 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 61.578 61.577 0.002 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 61.757 61.757 0.002 Ag18+ 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 52.372 52.372 0.002 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 53.163 53.160 0.003 4p 2 P 1/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 54.773 54.771 0.002 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 56.617 56.618 0.002 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 56.799 56.795 0.002 Cd19+ 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 48.349 48.354 0.002 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 49.120 49.123 0.003 4p 2 P 1/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 50.471 50.472 0.002 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 52.259 50.256 0.002 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 b 52.430 0.002 In20+ 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 44.784 44.787 0.003 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 45.534 44.539 0.003 4p 2 P 1/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 46.665 46.666 0.002 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 48.391 48.392 0.002 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 48.564 48.565 0.002 Sn21+ 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 3/2 41.604 41.601 0.002 4s 2 S 1/2 –5p 2 P 1/2 42.346 42.338 0.003 4p 2 P 1/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 43.286 43.283 0.002 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 5/2 44.958 44.959 0.002 4p 2 P 3/2 –5d 2 D 3/2 45.131 45.127 0.002
a The uncertainty corresponds to the statistically summed uncertainties of the combining levels.
b Masked by line of Cd
21+ .
Table 11
Ionization Energies of the Copperlike Ions Ru15+ –Sn21+
Ionization Energy
Ion Series Δn * (6g −5g )a cm−1 eV Ru15+ 5g , 6g , 7g 3 034 700 ± 800 376.26 ± 0.10 Rh16+ 5g , 6g 0.9966 ± 0.0015 3 355 000 ± 1100 415.97 ± 0.14 Pd17+ 5g , 6g 0.9964 ± 0.0015 3 690 000 ± 1200 457.51 ± 0.15 Ag18+ 5g , 6g 0.9962 ± 0.0015 4 039 800 ± 1300 500.88 ± 0.16 Cd19+ 5g , 6g 0.9960 ± 0.0015 4 405 300 ± 1400 546.19 ± 0.17 In20+ 5g , 6g 0.9959 ± 0.0015 4 785 900 ± 1600 593.38 ± 0.20 Sn21+ 5g , 6g 0.9958 ± 0.0015 5 180 900 ± 1800 642.34 ± 0.22
a Value calculated by Cheng and Kim.
22