Abstract
In this paper, we present the ambient refractive index (ARI) sensing
characteristics of metal-coated side-polished optical fiber gratings based
on the excitation of the pure surface plasmon polariton. The resonance wavelength
shift as a function of the ARI and the grating lengths required for a fixed
minimum transmitivity (30%) for the TM-like mode are obtained for different
metal and residual cladding thicknesses. It is found that a long-period grating
(LPG)-based sensor is about 5–20 times more sensitive to the change
in the ARI and requires much shorter grating lengths for a given sensitivity
than the one based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG). Further, unlike a FBG-based
device, an LPG-based sensor is found to have maximum sensitivity at an optimum
value of metal thickness, the reason for which is also explained. This paper
should find application in the design of sensitive fiber-optic bio/chemical
sensors.
© 2008 IEEE
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