Abstract

Detection of toxic carbon disulfide (${{\rm CS}_2}$) at high concentration, arising due to heavy industrial utilities, is an essential requirement for a sustainable ecosystem and healthcare. However, research and development of appropriate sensor devices to monitor a very high concentration of ${{\rm CS}_2}$ are lacking. We design a polyethylene (PE) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) consisting of two interpenetrating periodic hexagonal lattices of teflon inclusions and air holes in the cladding, which can monitor ambient ${{\rm CS}_2}$ with extremely high precision in a wide concentration range. Here, we measure the time delay difference (TDD) associated with the difference between group velocities of the two supported modes due to changes in ${{\rm CS}_2}$ concentration in the prescribed holes. For a 10 cm long variant of the designed PCF operating at 0.75 THz frequency, we observe a linearly increasing TDD variation from ${\sim}{2}$ to 13 ps due to change in ${{\rm CS}_2}$ concentration from 17 to 50%. However, when the ${{\rm CS}_2}$ concentration exceeds the 50% range, we observe decreasing TDD characteristics. In this high concentration regime (${\gt}{50}\%$), we monitor ${{\rm CS}_2}$ by analyzing second mode loss (SML) variation due to concentration change (at 0.98 THz frequency), where SML increases up to ${\sim}{30}\;{\rm dB}$ for ${\sim}{100}\%$ ambient ${{\rm CS}_2}$ concentration. Here, we achieve a high concentration sensitivity where a variation of 1.6 dB SML is observed with a unit concentration change of ${{\rm CS}_2}$. The proposed scheme has an immense potential to boost the technologies for high-precision gas monitoring devices.

© 2023 Optica Publishing Group

Tuberculosis detection using a low-loss and highly sensitive photonic crystal fiber technique in the terahertz regime

Sofyan A. Taya, Dana N. Alhamss, Abdulkarem H. M. Almawgani, Ahmad Alzahrani, Ilhami Colak, and Shobhit K. Patel
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 40(9) 2382-2391 (2023)

Refractive index sensor for sensing high refractive index bioliquids at the THz frequency

Amit Kumar, Pankaj Verma, and Poonam Jindal
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 38(12) F81-F89 (2021)

Terahertz photonic crystal fiber polarization rotator

Mohamed Farhat O. Hameed, Mohamed Saleh M. Esmail, and Salah S. A. Obayya
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 37(10) 2865-2872 (2020)

Coaxial dual-core dispersion compensation photonic crystal fiber with wavelength-tunable ultrahigh negative dispersion

Wanting Shao, Huan Liang, Fuxiao Ma, and Weihua Shi
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 40(2) 334-340 (2023)

Design and research of a dual-parameter photonic crystal fiber sensor

Yue Feng, Wenbo Zhang, Tao Xu, Longhao Huang, Chi Liu, and Tao Shen
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 40(5) 1267-1276 (2023)