Abstract

Lithiumniobate-on-insulator(LNOI)isapromisingplatformforintegratedphotonicsduetoitsexceptionalmaterial properties, such as a large transparency window, high second order nonlinearity, and thermo- and electro-optic effects. These properties make LNOI an ideal candidate for generating and manipulating quantum states on a single chip [1]. One of the key building blocks for controlling dual-rail encoded photonic qubits is the Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) switch, which is composed of two 3 dB directional couplers and a phase shift element (see Fig. 1(a) and (b)).

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