Abstract
The performance of semiconductor-based optoelectronic devices is dominated by hot-carrier/exciton (HC/HE) relaxation [1]. Past thermodynamic calculations have revealed that the power conversion efficiency of single-junction solar cells under 1 sun illumination can reach around 66% if the electron/hole excess energy is fully harvested [2]. Such efficient HC/HE extraction necessitates retarded intra-band relaxation. Nevertheless, the rapid HC/HE cooling constitutes a major loss channel for solar cell efficiency, and how to decelerate the HC/HE cooling still remains one of the cruxes for high-efficiency photovoltaic devices.
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