Abstract

Optical isolators are necessary components in photonic integrated circuits (PICs). In the past decade, the performance of integrated isolators has significantly improved. Several challenges, however, remain in transverse electric (TE) mode devices. First, the realization of the nonreciprocal phase shift (NRPS) of the TE mode requires to deposit the magneto-optical (MO) materials on the sidewalls of the waveguide, the poor material crystallinity limited the performance; or connect polarization rotators in series with transverse magnetic (TM) mode isolators, which results in an additional on-chip footprint and insertion loss. Second, researchers hope that isolators can work under a unidirectional magnetic field to simplify the integration of the magnetic field.

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