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Extended delay of broadband signals in stimulated Brillouin scattering slow light using synthesized pump chirp

Avi Zadok, Avishay Eyal, and Moshe Tur

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

Judicious chirping of a directly modulated pump laser is used to broaden the intrinsic linewidth of stimulated Brillouin scattering in an optical fiber. The modulation waveform is designed to obtain a spectrum with sharp edges, resulting in phase gradients stronger that those obtained for random pump modulation. The gain and phase frequency response of the slow light process are measured by a vector network analyzer, and the delays obtained for our tailored modulation are compared with the case of random direct modulation. For equal pump powers and gain bandwidths (FWHM), the tailored modulation waveform introduces 30–40% longer delays. Using this technique, pseudo random bit sequences of 5 Gb/s were successfully delayed by up to 120 ps (BER<10-5) and 80 ps (BER<10-9).

©2006 Optical Society of America

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Figures (7)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. (a): Gaussian and truncated Gaussian spectral gain curves Re[g(ω)]. (b): Corresponding spectral phase responses Im[g(ω)], calculated using the Kramers-Kronig relations.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. (a): Dashed line: simulated optical spectrum of DFB laser periodically modulated by the waveform of Eq. (3) with the following parameters: adiabatic chirp coefficient 0.33 GHz/mA, τ1,2=20, 200 ns and Δν1,2=0.15, 0.48 GHz/mA [22]; Solid line: corresponding measured spectrum. (b): Dashed line: measured optical spectrum for a directly modulated DFB laser, using the waveform of Eq. (3) together with a 20 MHz random component of 2mA (rms); Solid line: measured optical spectrum for a directly modulated DFB laser, using 200 MHz random modulation of 20mA (rms).

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Setup for the measurements of the SBS slow light gain and phase response. BPF: band pass filter. EDFA: Erbium-doped fiber amplifier.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Measured gain curves of SBS using synthesized (a) and random (b) direct pump modulation. The pump power levels are (top to bottom): 22 dBm, 21 dBm, 20 dBm, 19 dBm. Measured phase response curves of SBS using synthesized (c) and random (d) direct pump modulation. The pump power levels are: 22 dBm (blue), 21 dBm (green), 20 dBm (red).

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Calculated group delays as a function of maximum SBS power gain, using synthesized (asterisk signs) and random (plus signs) direct pump modulation.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. (a): SBS induced delays of 270 ps pulses using synthesized pump modulation. Solid lines, left to right: input pulse, output pulse for pump power of 18 dBm, output pulse for pump power of 22 dBm. Dashed lines: calculated output pulses for pump power of 18 dBm (left) and 22 dBm (right). (b): Measured delays of 5 Gb/s NRZ PRBS as a function of power gain, using synthesized (asterisk signs) and random (plus signs) direct modulations.

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. Output eye diagram of a 5 Gb/s NRZ PRBS, delayed by 120 ps using SBS with synthesized, direct pump modulation.

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Equations (3)

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ν ( t ) = i ( t ) ⊗ h ( t ) ; h ( t ) = ∑ n = 1 N Δ ν n exp ( − t τ n )
Im [ g ( ω ) ⁄ 2 ] = 2 π ∫ 0 ∞ Re [ g ( ω ' ) ⁄ 2 ] ω ' 2 − ω 2 d ω '
i ( t ) = i 0 + Δ i [ 1 − ( t mod T T ) 1.5 ] ,
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