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Complementary planar terahertz metamaterials

Hou-Tong Chen, John F. O’Hara, Antoinette J. Taylor, Richard D. Averitt, C. Highstrete, Mark Lee, and Willie J. Padilla

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

Planar electric split ring resonator (eSRR) metamaterials and their corresponding inverse structures are designed and characterized computationally and experimentally utilizing finite element modeling and THz time domain spectroscopy. A complementary response is observed in transmission. Specifically, for the eSRRs a decrease in transmission is observed at resonance whereas the inverse structures display an increase in transmission. The frequency dependent effective complex dielectric functions are extracted from the experimental data and, in combination with simulations to determine the surface current density and local electric field,provide considerable insight into the electromagnetic response of our planar metamaterials. These structures may find applications in the construction of various THz filters, transparent THz windows, or THz grid structures ideal for constructing THz switching/modulation devices.

©2007 Optical Society of America

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Figures (7)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Geometry of original planar metamaterial unit cells (OE1-OE6) and their complements (CE1-CE6) with dimensions described in the text. The polarization of normally incident THz radiation is configured as shown in OE1 and CE1 for the original and complementary metamaterials, respectively.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. Schematic of the experimental configuration for measurements of THz transmission in time domain. The black curves indicate the measured time domain waveforms of the incident and transmitted THz pulses through a complementary metamaterial sample (CE2).

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. Frequency dependent THz electric field transmission coefficients of the original (red curves) and the complementary (blue curves) metamaterials. The field configuration of the THz radiation is shown in OE1 (CE1) of Fig. 1 for the original (complementary) metamaterials.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. Numerical simulation results of original planar metamaterials. All simulations are for the low frequency resonant response. The red arrows indicate the induced surface current density, and the color represents the electric field norm. The incident field is configured as indicated in OE1 of Fig. 1.

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Fig. 5.
Fig. 5. Numerical simulation results of complementary planar metamaterials. All simulations are for the low frequency resonant response. The red arrows indicate the induced surface current density, and the color represents the electric field norm. The incident field is configured as indicated in CE1 of Fig. 1.

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Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Extracted frequency dependent dielectric function for the original metamaterials assuming a cubic unit cell. The red and blue curves show the real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric function.

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Fig. 7.
Fig. 7. Extracted frequency dependent dielectric function for the complementary metamaterials assuming a cubic unit cell. The red and blue curves show the real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric function.

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Equations (2)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

E c − Z 0 H = E 0 c , H c + E Z 0 = H 0 c
t ( ω ) = t c ( ω ) = 1 .
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