Abstract
Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) has been extensively studied,1 and can be characterized to first order in terms of differential group-delay (DGD-1) in the fiber principle states of polarization (PSP-1). Second order effects such as polarization-state rotation or depolarization (DEP-2), and polarization chromatic dispersion (PCD-2) are of concern, as 40 Gb/s channel data rates become commercial reality. It is therefore to be expected that some degree of PMD mitigation will be required, and at progressively higher orders.2,3 DGD-1 impairments and solutions have received much attention,4,5 as have DEP-2 and PCD-2.6,7 Both fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and arrayed-waveguide gratings (AWGs)8 have been considered for DGD-1 and PCD-2 reduction respectively. Thus far, few approaches to the analysis of PMD effects have used a Poincaré Sphere representation. In this paper, we show how a lattice filter theory approach to PMD mitigation can be developed by analysis of Poincaré Sphere polarization trajectories. This scaleable filter method shown below in figure 1 allows, in principle, all PMD orders to be compensated on both a static and dynamic basis.9
© 2002 Optical Society of America
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