Double U-groove temperature and refractive index photonic crystal fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance

Qianhe Zhao; Jin Liu; Haima Yang; Haishan Liu; Guohui Zeng; Bo Huang; Jun Jia

doi:10.1364/AO.462829

Applied Optics
Vol. 61,
Issue 24,
pp. 7225-7230
(2022)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.462829

Double U-groove temperature and refractive index photonic crystal fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance

Qianhe Zhao, Jin Liu, Haima Yang, Haishan Liu, Guohui Zeng, Bo Huang, and Jun Jia

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Qianhe Zhao, Jin Liu, Haima Yang, Haishan Liu, Guohui Zeng, Bo Huang, and Jun Jia, "Double U-groove temperature and refractive index photonic crystal fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance," Appl. Opt. 61, 7225-7230 (2022)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Fiber Optics, Fiber Sensors, and Optical Communications
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: May 2, 2022
- Revised Manuscript: July 26, 2022
- Manuscript Accepted: August 1, 2022
- Published: August 17, 2022

Abstract

Based on double U-groove photonic crystal fiber (PCF), a surface plasmon resonance sensor with dual parametric detection of temperature and refractive index is proposed. The birefringence of PCF is increased by using germanium ions doped in the core and introducing U-shaped notches on both sides of the D-shaped fiber. The polished surface of the PCF is coated with gold film and PDMS as a temperature sensing channel, and the U-shaped groove is coated with gold film as a refractive index sensing channel. Through the design of the sensor, it is finally possible to achieve independent measurement of the two parameters. The sensor has a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 4715 nm/RIU in the analyte refractive index range of 1.32–1.4, and maximum wavelength sensitivity of 18 nm/°C in the ambient temperature range of ${-}{{30^\circ {\rm C} - 50^\circ{\rm C}}}$. The proposed sensor has broad application prospects in scenarios such as blood analysis, DNA hybridization analysis, and microenvironmental cell interactions.

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Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Refractive Index Range	Loss Peak Shift (nm)	Maximum Amplitude Sensitivity ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )	Resolution (RIU)
1.32–1.33	34	37.62	$2.94 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.33–1.34	33	31.86	$3.03 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.34–1.35	32	37.8	$3.12 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.35–1.36	31	31.51	$3.22 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.36–1.37	33	29.7	$3.03 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.37–1.38	38	28.32	$2.63 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.38–1.39	45	38.4	$2.22 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.39–1.4	47	48.44	$2.12 \times 1 0^{- 5}$

Temperature Range (°C)	Loss Peak Shift (nm)	Maximum Amplitude Sensitivity ( $^{\circ} C^{- 1}$ )	Resolution (°C)
$- 30 \sim - 20$	59	$4.609 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.69 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
$- 20 \sim - 10$	65	$4.991 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.54 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
−10–0	71	$5.45 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.41 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
0–10	77	$6.227 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.29 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
10–20	83	$7.506 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.20 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
20–30	91	$8.877 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.09 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
30–40	161	$9.95 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$6.21 \times 1 0^{- 3}$
40–50	180	$1.014 \times 1 0^{- 1}$	$5.55 \times 1 0^{- 3}$

			Wavelength Sensitivity
Sensor Features	Refractive Index Range	Temperature Range (°C)	Refractive Index (nm/RIU)	Temperature (nm/°C)
D-shaped fiber for back-to-back measurements [13]	1.35–1.46	−50–50	5000	3
D-shaped PCF filled with liquid crystal [19]	1−1.6	15–50	2275	9.09
All-dielectric metasurface [20]	1.33−1.36	20–60	2400	2
Based on liquid-filled D-Shape PCF [21]	1.35−1.4	20–60	3940	1.075
Based on a hybrid fiber interferometer [12]	1.333−1.404	30–70	331.71	1.053
The sensor proposed in this paper	1.32−1.4	−30–50	4715	18

Refractive Index Range	Loss Peak Shift (nm)	Maximum Amplitude Sensitivity ( ${R I U}^{- 1}$ )	Resolution (RIU)
1.32–1.33	34	37.62	$2.94 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.33–1.34	33	31.86	$3.03 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.34–1.35	32	37.8	$3.12 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.35–1.36	31	31.51	$3.22 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.36–1.37	33	29.7	$3.03 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.37–1.38	38	28.32	$2.63 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.38–1.39	45	38.4	$2.22 \times 1 0^{- 5}$
1.39–1.4	47	48.44	$2.12 \times 1 0^{- 5}$

Temperature Range (°C)	Loss Peak Shift (nm)	Maximum Amplitude Sensitivity ( $^{\circ} C^{- 1}$ )	Resolution (°C)
$- 30 \sim - 20$	59	$4.609 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.69 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
$- 20 \sim - 10$	65	$4.991 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.54 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
−10–0	71	$5.45 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.41 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
0–10	77	$6.227 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.29 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
10–20	83	$7.506 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.20 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
20–30	91	$8.877 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$1.09 \times 1 0^{- 2}$
30–40	161	$9.95 \times 1 0^{- 2}$	$6.21 \times 1 0^{- 3}$
40–50	180	$1.014 \times 1 0^{- 1}$	$5.55 \times 1 0^{- 3}$

Abstract

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Applied Optics