Abstract

In fringe projection profilometry, 1-bit processing of 8-bit raster patterns is a common method to suppress nonlinear errors in commercial projectors and realize high-speed projection in industrial projectors. In the process of generating 1-bit fringes from sinusoidal fringes, the generation of high-order harmonics is inevitable; choosing to introduce fewer high-order harmonics of the algorithm is conducive to defocus to obtain a better sinusoidal pattern. This paper proposes a method to expand the error-diffusion kernel of the conventional Floyd–Steinberg diffusion dithering algorithm from ${2} \times {3}$ to ${3} \times {5}$, which can reduce the grayscale change of surrounding pixels and generate 1-bit fringes with fewer high-order harmonics. Meanwhile, this paper optimizes the parameters of the ${3} \times {5}$ error-diffusion kernel and proposes the optimal parameters for this kind of diffusion kernel. The simulation results show that the fringes generated by the proposed ${3} \times {5}$ error-diffusion-kernel algorithms are closer to sinusoidal fringes after Gaussian low-pass filtering. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the ${3} \times {5}$ diffusion kernel algorithms is higher.

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