Three-dimensional instrument polarization analysis and optimization of liquid-crystal-based Stokes polarimeter

Yang Jing-Jie; Zhang Xu-Sheng; Hou Jun-Feng; Hou Jun-Feng; Hou Jun-Feng; Shen Yu-Liang; Shen Yu-Liang

doi:10.1364/AO.504413

Applied Optics
Vol. 62,
Issue 33,
pp. 8894-8904
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.504413

Three-dimensional instrument polarization analysis and optimization of liquid-crystal-based Stokes polarimeter

Yang Jing-Jie, Zhang Xu-Sheng, Hou Jun-Feng, and Shen Yu-Liang

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Yang Jing-Jie, Zhang Xu-Sheng, Hou Jun-Feng, and Shen Yu-Liang, "Three-dimensional instrument polarization analysis and optimization of liquid-crystal-based Stokes polarimeter," Appl. Opt. 62, 8894-8904 (2023)

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Abstract

The Stokes polarimeter based on liquid crystal variable retarders (LCVRs) is a space polarization measurement technology widely used. However, due to the tilt of the optic axis of the LCVR with the driving voltage in the direction of light propagation and the interference in LCVR, the LCVRs-based Stokes polarimeter produces a large instrument polarization, which affects the accurate polarization measurement. In this paper, we combine polarization ray tracing with multi-beam interference, and establish a general three-dimensional polarization analysis model of the LCVRs-based Stokes polarimeter. The simulation results of adjusting the LCVR voltage to reduce the instrument polarization are analyzed, and the variation of polarization measurement accuracy with the field of view before and after optimization of the LCVRs-based Stokes polarimeter is simulated and analyzed. A LCVR structure with additional films for matching the refractive index is proposed. According to the simulation results, this structure can significantly reduce the interference effects and reduce the impact of variations in liquid crystal layer thickness on the interference effects.

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Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Number	Material	Refractive Index	Thickness
1	AR film	/	/
2	Substrate	1.46	5 mm
3	ITO	2.0	50 nm
4	SiO	1.83	50 nm
5	Polyimide (PI)	1.73	100 nm
6	Liquid crystal	$n_{o} = 1.5$ , $n_{e} = 1.76$	5 µm
7	Polyimide (PI)	1.73	100 nm
8	SiO	1.83	50 nm
9	ITO	2.0	50 nm
10	Substrate	1.46	5 mm
11	AR film	/	/

Retardance $δ /^{\circ}$	$V / V$	$ϕ_{1} /^{\circ}$	$ϕ_{2} /^{\circ}$
90	6.500	21.631	20.813
180	4.833	29.789	29.739
270	3.819	37.347	36.863
360	3.236	43.256	43.170

States	$δ_{1} /^{\circ}$	$θ_{2} /^{\circ}$	$δ_{2} /^{\circ}$	Modulated Signal
1	0	45	0	$0.5 (I + Q)$
2	0	45	180	$0.5 (I - Q)$
3	90	45	90	$0.5 (I + U)$
4	90	45	270	$0.5 (I - U)$
5	0	45	90	$0.5 (I + V)$
6	0	45	270	$0.5 (I - V)$

$δ /^{\circ}$ at Normal Incidence	Measured $Δ δ /^{\circ}$ at Incident Angle of 1°	Simulation $Δ δ /^{\circ}$ at Incident Angle of 1°
90	2.8	4.2
180	4.4	5.7
270	5.8	6.6
360	6.6	7.1

Polarization Accuracy	Instrumental Polarization	Crosstalk
0.01	0.01	0.1
0.001	0.001	0.01
0.0001	0.0001	0.001

State	$φ_{L C V R 1} /^{\circ}$	$φ_{L C V R 2} /^{\circ}$	$φ_{L C V R 1}^{^{'}} /^{\circ}$	$φ_{L C V R 2}^{^{'}} /^{\circ}$
1	43.170	43.170	43.870	42.470
2	43.170	29.739	43.870	30.639
3	20.813	20.813	20.813	20.213
4	20.813	36.863	20.813	37.363
5	43.170	20.813	43.170	20.213
6	43.170	36.863	43.170	37.363

	Initial			V Opt			Film Opt
Field of View/°	IP	${C T}_{A \to A}$	${C T}_{A \to B}$	IP	${C T}_{A \to A}$	${C T}_{A \to B}$	IP	${C T}_{A \to A}$	${C T}_{A \to B}$
0	0.012	0.139	0.039	0.001	0.145	0.042	0.001	0.004	0.001
3	0.013	0.243	0.376	0.005	0.253	0.374	0.001	0.057	0.371
10	0.040	0.929	0.640	0.037	0.934	0.657	0.002	0.887	0.799

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Equations (23)

Applied Optics