Experimental validation and mathematical simulation for laser protection performance of light field imaging

Yangliang Li; Yangliang Li; Qing Ye; Qing Ye; Yunlong Wu; Yunlong Wu; Yunlong Wu; Hao Zhang; Hao Zhang; Haoqi Luo; Haoqi Luo; Ke Sun; Ke Sun; Xiaoquan Sun; Xiaoquan Sun

doi:10.1364/AO.501097

Applied Optics
Vol. 62,
Issue 36,
pp. 9621-9630
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.501097

Experimental validation and mathematical simulation for laser protection performance of light field imaging

Yangliang Li, Qing Ye, Yunlong Wu, Hao Zhang, Haoqi Luo, Ke Sun, and Xiaoquan Sun

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Yangliang Li, Qing Ye, Yunlong Wu, Hao Zhang, Haoqi Luo, Ke Sun, and Xiaoquan Sun, "Experimental validation and mathematical simulation for laser protection performance of light field imaging," Appl. Opt. 62, 9621-9630 (2023)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Optical Devices, Sensors, and Detectors
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: July 20, 2023
- Revised Manuscript: November 23, 2023
- Manuscript Accepted: November 23, 2023
- Published: December 13, 2023

Abstract

Photoelectric imaging systems typically employ a focal plane detector structure, rendering them vulnerable to laser damage. Laser damage can severely impair or even completely deprive the information acquisition capability of photoelectric imaging systems. A laser damage protection method based on a microlens array light field imaging system is proposed to prevent photoelectric imaging systems from laser damage. The technique utilizes the light field modulation effect of the microlens array to homogenize the spot energy, thereby reducing the maximum single-pixel receiving power at the image sensor. The method’s effectiveness has been verified through numerical simulations and experimental validation. First, the laser transmission theoretical model of light field imaging is proposed. Then an experimental setup is established, and measurements are conducted to capture the spot profiles and intensity distributions on the imaging plane across various defocus distances. Finally, the impact of the propagation distance on the maximum single-pixel receiving power and suppression ratio of the light field imaging system is experimentally measured. The simulation and experimental results indicate that, with the proposed method, the energy suppression ratio can easily reach two orders of magnitude, significantly reducing the probability of laser damage in photoelectric imaging systems.

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Supplement 1	Supplemental document

Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Parameter	Value
Gaussian beam power (mW)	11.65
Gaussian beam wavelength (nm)	532
Gaussian beam waist (mm)	0.46
Attenuator optical density	9
Imaging lens focal length (mm)	100
Imaging lens F-number	F/10
Microlens focal length (mm)	1.5
Microlens diameter (µm)	150
Imaging sensor pixel size (µm)	$3.45 \times 3.45$

Filter	NE20A	NE30A	NE40A
Optical density	2	3	4
Nominal transmittance	$1 \times 10^{- 2}$	$1 \times 10^{- 3}$	$1 \times 10^{- 4}$
Actual transmittance at 532 nm	$9.621 \times 10^{- 3}$	$7.651 \times 10^{- 4}$	$7.251 \times 10^{- 5}$
Optical density tolerance	$\pm 0.10$	$\pm 0.15$	$\pm 0.20$

Propagation Distance (m)	5	10	15	20
Experimental MSPRP of CI ( $\times 10^{- 7} µ W$ )	$2.42 \pm 0.03$	$6.72 \pm 0.08$	$4.19 \pm 0.05$	$3.85 \pm 0.05$
Experimental MSPRP of LFI ( $\times 10^{- 9} µ W$ )	$29.0 \pm 0.30$	$8.24 \pm 0.10$	$3.80 \pm 0.05$	$2.17 \pm 0.03$
Experimental suppression ratio	[8.16, 8.53]	[79.6, 83.5]	[107,113]	[173,182]
Simulated suppression ratio	5.48	57.0	123	167

Parameter	Value
Gaussian beam power (mW)	11.65
Gaussian beam wavelength (nm)	532
Gaussian beam waist (mm)	0.46
Attenuator optical density	9
Imaging lens focal length (mm)	100
Imaging lens F-number	F/10
Microlens focal length (mm)	1.5
Microlens diameter (µm)	150
Imaging sensor pixel size (µm)	$3.45 \times 3.45$

Filter	NE20A	NE30A	NE40A
Optical density	2	3	4
Nominal transmittance	$1 \times 10^{- 2}$	$1 \times 10^{- 3}$	$1 \times 10^{- 4}$
Actual transmittance at 532 nm	$9.621 \times 10^{- 3}$	$7.651 \times 10^{- 4}$	$7.251 \times 10^{- 5}$
Optical density tolerance	$\pm 0.10$	$\pm 0.15$	$\pm 0.20$

Abstract

Supplementary Material (1)

Data availability

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Figures (9)

Tables (3)

Equations (12)

Applied Optics