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Abstract
Yb-doped fluoride has been demonstrated to be potential crystals for application in efficient ultrafast lasers. However, the trade-off between the shorter pulses with higher efficiencies is a challenge. In this work, using ${\rm Yb},{\rm Gd}{:}{{\rm CaSrF}_2}$ crystal, we report on a sub-50-fs Kerr-lens mode-locked oscillator with an optical efficiency up to 44%. Pumped by a 976-nm diffraction-limited fiber laser and using chirped mirrors combined with prism pairs for the dispersion compensation, a pulse as short as 46 fs was obtained with 620-mW output power, corresponding to an optical efficiency more than 40%. Stable Kerr-lens mode-locking with RMS of output power lower than 0.3% and beam quality factors ${{\rm M}^2}\; \lt \;{1.14}$ were achieved. Moreover, a maximum output power of 780 mW was obtained in continuous-wave operation with 55.3% optical efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, the results in this work represent the shortest pulses generated from Yb-doped fluoride lasers as well as the highest optical efficiencies ever reported in sub-100 fs Yb bulk lasers.
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