4-K-resolution minimalist optical system design based on deep learning

Dexiao Meng; Yan Zhou; Jian Bai

doi:10.1364/AO.510860

Applied Optics
Vol. 63,
Issue 4,
pp. 917-926
(2024)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.510860

4-K-resolution minimalist optical system design based on deep learning

Dexiao Meng, Yan Zhou, and Jian Bai

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Dexiao Meng, Yan Zhou, and Jian Bai, "4-K-resolution minimalist optical system design based on deep learning," Appl. Opt. 63, 917-926 (2024)

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Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Imaging Systems, Image Processing, and Displays
Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: October 31, 2023
- Revised Manuscript: December 18, 2023
- Manuscript Accepted: December 18, 2023
- Published: January 22, 2024

Abstract

In order to simplify optical systems, we propose a high-resolution minimalist optical design method based on deep learning. Unlike most imaging system design work, we combine optical design more closely with image processing algorithms. For optical design, we separately study the impact of different aberrations on computational imaging and then innovatively propose an aberration metric and a spatially micro-variant design method that better meet the needs of image recognition. For image processing, we construct a dataset based on the point spread function (PSF) imaging simulation method. In addition, we use a non-blind deblurring computational imaging method to repair spatially variant aberrations. Finally, we achieve clear imaging at 4 K ($5184 \times 3888$) using only two spherical lenses and achieve image quality similar to that of complex lenses on the market.

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Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

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$j$	$n$	$m$	$Z_{j} (ρ, θ)$	Name
1	0	0	1	Piston
2	1	1	$2 ρ \cos θ$	$x$ tilt/distortion
3	1	1	$2 ρ \sin θ$	$y$ tilt/distortion
4	2	0	$\sqrt{3} (2 ρ^{2} - 1)$	Defocus
5	2	2	$\sqrt{6} ρ^{2} \sin 2 θ$	Astigmatism ( $\pm 45^{\circ}$ )
6	2	2	$\sqrt{6} ρ^{2} \cos 2 θ$	Astigmatism (0°)
7	3	1	$\sqrt{8} (3 ρ^{3} - 2 ρ) \sin θ$	$y$ coma
8	3	1	$\sqrt{8} (3 ρ^{3} - 2 ρ) \cos θ$	$x$ coma
9	3	3	$\sqrt{8} ρ^{3} \sin 3 θ$	Vertical trefoil
10	3	3	$\sqrt{8} ρ^{3} \cos 3 θ$	Oblique trefoil
11	4	0	$\sqrt{5} (6 ρ^{4} - 6 ρ^{2} + 1)$	Primary spherical

	DIST	DEFO	ASTI	COMA	SPHE
${R M S}_{P S N R}$	0.9792	1.5554	2.1436	0.7070	0.6152
${R M S}_{S S I M}$	1.1149	1.4699	2.0494	0.7776	0.7000
AIF	0.8969	0.6429	0.4665	1.2860	1.4286

	$s_{R S R E}^{2} (μ m^{2})$	$\bar{S S I M}$
Default	3502	76.24%
Ours	595	94.13%

Depth of field	${\pm}\;{20}\;{\rm m}$
Depth of focus	$\;{\pm}\;{0.5}\;{\rm mm}$
Radius	$\;{\pm}\;{0.005}\;{\rm mm}$
Thickness	$\;{\pm}\;{0.02}\;{\rm mm}$
Surface decenter	$\;{\pm}\;{0.01}$
Surface tilt	$\;{\pm}\;{0.0167}$
Element decenter	$\;{\pm}\;{0.01}$
Element tilt	$\;{\pm}\;{0.05}^\circ$
Refractive index	$\;{\pm}\;{0.0005}$
Abbe constant	$\;{\pm}\;{0.5}\%$

	SIGMA	Ours
Focal length	70 mm	70 mm
$F$ number	2.8	2.8
Weight	605 g	120 g
Diameter	70.8 mm	36 mm
Length	129.8 mm	64.9 mm
Number of lenses	13	2
Number of aspheric lenses	2	0

Abstract

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Applied Optics