Opto-Mechanical Fiber Sensing of Gamma Radiation

Yosef London; Kavita Sharma; Hilel Hagai Diamandi; Mirit Hen; Gil Bashan; Elad Zehavi; Shlomi Zilberman; Garry Berkovic; Amnon Zentner; Moshe Mayoni; Andrei Aleksandrovich Stolov; Mikhail Kalina; Olga Kleinerman; Ehud Shafir; Avi Zadok

Journal of Lightwave Technology
Vol. 39,
Issue 20,
pp. 6637-6645
(2021)

Opto-Mechanical Fiber Sensing of Gamma Radiation

Yosef London, Kavita Sharma, Hilel Hagai Diamandi, Mirit Hen, Gil Bashan, Elad Zehavi, Shlomi Zilberman, Garry Berkovic, Amnon Zentner, Moshe Mayoni, Andrei Aleksandrovich Stolov, Mikhail Kalina, Olga Kleinerman, Ehud Shafir, and Avi Zadok

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Yosef London, Kavita Sharma, Hilel Hagai Diamandi, Mirit Hen, Gil Bashan, Elad Zehavi, Shlomi Zilberman, Garry Berkovic, Amnon Zentner, Moshe Mayoni, Andrei Aleksandrovich Stolov, Mikhail Kalina, Olga Kleinerman, Ehud Shafir, and Avi Zadok, "Opto-Mechanical Fiber Sensing of Gamma Radiation," J. Lightwave Technol. 39, 6637-6645 (2021)

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Abstract

The monitoring of ionizing radiation is critical for the safe operation of nuclear and other high-power plants. Fiber-optic sensing of radiation has been pursued for over 45 years. Most protocols rely on radiation effects on the optical properties of the fiber. Here we propose a new concept, in which the opto-mechanics of standard fibers coated by thin layers of fluoroacrylate polymer are observed instead. The time-of-flight of radial acoustic waves through the coating is evaluated by forward stimulated Brillouin scattering measurements. The time-of-flight is seen to decrease monotonically with the overall dosage of gamma radiation from a cobalt source. Variations reach 15% of the initial value for 180 Mrad dose and remain stable for at least several weeks following exposure. The faster times-of-flight are consistent with a radiation-induced increase in the coating stiffness, observed in offline analysis. The effects on the coating are independent of possible changes in the optical parameters of the fiber. The combination of opto-mechanical analysis together with established fiber sensing protocols may help disambiguate the evaluation of multiple radiation metrics and reduce environmental cross-sensitivities. The technique is suitable for online monitoring and may be extended to spatially distributed measurements.

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H. Diamandi, Y. London, G. Bashan, K. Shemer, and A. Zadok, “Forward stimulated Brillouin scattering analysis of optical fibers coatings,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1800–1807, 2021.
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2021 (2)

H. Diamandi, Y. London, G. Bashan, K. Shemer, and A. Zadok, “Forward stimulated Brillouin scattering analysis of optical fibers coatings,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1800–1807, 2021.

S. Zaslawski, Z. Yang, and L. Thévenaz, “Distributed optomechanical fiber sensing based on serrodyne analysis,” Optica, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 388–395, 2021.

2020 (3)

G. L. Vecchi, “Infrared radiation induced attenuation of radiation sensitive optical fibers: Influence of temperature and modal propagation,” Opt. Fiber Technol., vol. 55, 2020, Art. no. .

Z. Zheng, Z. Li, X. Fu, L. Wang, and H. Wang, “Multipoint acoustic impedance sensing based on frequency-division multiplexed forward stimulated Brillouin scattering,” Opt. Lett., vol. 45, no. 16, pp. 4523–4526, 2020.

C. Pang, “Opto-mechanical time-domain analysis based on coherent forward stimulated Brillouin scattering probing,” Optica, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 176–184, 2020.

2019 (5)

H. H. Diamandi, Y. London, G. Bashan, and A. Zadok, “Distributed opto-mechanical analysis of liquids outside standard fibers coated with polyimide,” Appl. Phys. Lett.Photon., vol. 4, no. 1, 2019. Art. no. .

G. Mélin, “Radiation resistant single-mode fiber with different coatings for sensing in high dose environments,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 66, no. 7, pp. 1657–1662, 2019.

D. Di Francesca, “Qualification and calibration of single-mode phosphosilicate optical fiber for dosimetry at CERN,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 37, no. 18, pp. 4643–4649, 2019.

A. Piccolo, S. Delepine-Lesoille, M. Landolt, S. Girard, Y. Ouerdane, and C. Sabatier, “Coupled temperature and γ-radiation effect on silica-based optical fiber strain sensors based on rayleigh and Brillouin scatterings,” Opt. Exp., vol. 27, no. 15, pp. 21608–21621, 2019.

S. Girard, “Overview of radiation induced point defects in silica-based optical fibers,” Rev. Phys., vol. 4, 2019, Art. no. 032.

2018 (5)

A. Morana, “Steady-state radiation-induced effects on the performances of BOTDA and BOTDR optical fiber sensors,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 111–118, 2018.

S. Girard, “Recent advances in radiation-hardened fiber-based technologies for space applications,” J. Opt., vol. 20, no. 9, 2018, Art. no. .

D. Chow, Z. Yang, M. A. Soto, and L. Thévenaz, “Distributed forward Brillouin sensor based on local light phase recovery,” Nature Commun, vol. 9, 2018. Art. no. .

G. Bashan, H. H. Diamandi, Y. London, E. Preter, and A. Zadok, “Optomechanical time-domain reflectometry,” Nature Commun., vol. 9, 2018. Art. no. .

D. M. Chow and L. Thévenaz, “Forward Brillouin scattering acoustic impedance sensor using thin polyimide-coated fiber,” Opt. Lett., vol. 43, no. 21, pp. 5467–5470, 2018.

2017 (2)

S. Rizzolo, “Evaluation of distributed OFDR-based sensing performance in mixed neutron/gamma radiation environments,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 61–67, 2017.

I. Toccafondo, “Distributed optical fiber radiation sensing in a mixed-field radiation environment at CERN,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 35, no. 16, pp. 3303–3310, 2017.

2016 (4)

S. Rizzolo, “Radiation characterization of optical frequency domain reflectometry fiber-based distributed sensors,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 1688–1693, 2016.

S. Rizzolo, “Investigation of coating impact on OFDR optical remote fiber-based sensors performances for their integration in high temperature and radiation environments,” J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 34, no. 19, pp. 4460–4465, 2016.

J. Pastor-Graells, H. F. Martins, A. Garcia-Ruiz, S. Martin-Lopez, and M. Gonzalez-Herraez, “Single-shot distributed temperature and strain tracking using direct detection phase-sensitive OTDR with chirped pulses,” Opt. Exp., vol. 24, no. 12, pp. 13121–13133, 2016.

Y. Antman, A. Clain, Y. London, and A. Zadok, “Optomechanical sensing of liquids outside standard fibers using forward stimulated Brillouin scattering,” Optica, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 510–516, 2016.

2015 (1)

S. Rizzolo, “Radiation hardened optical frequency domain reflectometry distributed temperature fiber-based sensors,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 2988–2994, 2015.

2014 (4)

J. Song, W. Li, P. Lu, Y. Xu, L. Chen, and X. Bao, “Long-Range high spatial resolution distributed temperature and strain sensing based on optical frequency-domain reflectometry,” IEEE Photon. J., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 1–8, 2014.

A. L. Tomashuk, M. V. Grekov, S. A. Vasiliev, and V. V. Svetukhin, “Fiber-optic dosimeter based on radiation-induced attenuation in P-doped fiber: Suppression of post-irradiation fading by using two working wavelengths in visible range,” Opt. Exp., vol. 22, no. 14, pp. 16778–16783, 2014.

A. Morana, “Radiation tolerant fiber Bragg gratings for high temperature monitoring at MGy dose levels,” Opt. Lett., vol. 39, no. 18, pp. 5313–5316, 2014.

Y. Sanada, T. Sugita, Y. Nishizawa, A. Kondo, and Torii T, “The aerial radiation monitoring in japan after the fukushima daiichi nuclear power plant accident,” Prog. Nucl. Sci. Technol., vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 76–80, 2014.

2013 (4)

S. Girard, “Radiation effects on silica-based optical fibers: Recent advances and future challenges,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 2015–2036, 2013.

A. V. Faustov, “Comparison of gamma-radiation induced attenuation in al-doped, P-Doped and ge-doped fibres for dosimetry,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 2511–2517, 2013.

A. I. Gusarov and S. K. Hoeffgen, “Radiation effects of fiber gratings,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 2037–2053, 2013.

G. Bolognini and A. Hartog, “Raman-based fibre sensors: Trends and applications,” Opt. Fiber Technol., vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 678–688, 2013.

2012 (2)

A. Faustov, “Highly radiation sensitive type IA FBGs for future dosimetry applications,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 1180–1185, 2012.

X. Phéron, “High γ-ray dose radiation effects on the performances of Brillouin scattering based optical fiber sensors,” Opt. Exp., vol. 20, no. 24, pp. 26978–26985, 2012.

2011 (2)

H. Henschel, D. Grobnic, S. K. Hoeffgen, J. Kuhnhenn, S. J. Mihailov, and U. Weinand, “Development of highly radiation resistant fiber Bragg gratings,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 2103–2110, 2011.

M. Govindarajan and W. Windl, “Atomic-scale modeling of the effects of irradiation on the optical properties of silica glass fibers,” Trans. Amer. Nucl. Soc., vol. 104, no. 1, pp. 33–34, 2011.

2009 (1)

M. S. Kang, A. Nazarkin, A. Brenn, and P. St. J. Russell, “Tightly trapped acoustic phonons in photonic crystal fibers as highly nonlinear artificial raman oscillators,” Nat. Phys., vol. 5, pp. 276–280, 2009.

2008 (3)

G. Cheymol, H. Long, J. F. Villard, and B. Brichard, “High level gamma and neutron irradiation of silica optical fibers in CEA OSIRIS nuclear reactor,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 2252–2258, 2008.

S. Girard, “Radiation effects on silica-based preforms and optical fibers - I: Experimental study with canonical samples,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 3473–3482, 2008.

K. A. Rzepiejewska-Malyska, “In situ mechanical observations during nanoindentation inside a high-resolution scanning electron microscope,” J. Mater. Res., vol. 23, no. 7, pp. 1973–1979, 2008.

2007 (1)

E. Regnier, I. Flammer, S. Girard, F. Gooijer, F. Achten, and G. Kuyt, “Low-dose radiation-induced attenuation at infrared wavelengths for P-doped, Ge-doped and pure silica-core optical fibres,” IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 1115–1119, 2007.

2006 (2)

K. Krebber, H. Henschel, and U. Weinand, “Fibre Bragg gratings as high dose radiation sensors?” Meas. Sci. Technol., vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 1095–1102, 2006.

D. Alasia, A. Fernandez Fernandez, L. Abrardi, B. Brichard, and L. Thévenaz, “The effects of gamma-radiation on the properties of Brillouin scattering in standard Ge-doped optical fibres,” Meas. Sci. Technol., vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 1091–1094, 2006.

2001 (1)

A. L. Huston, B. L. Justus, P. L. Falkenstein, R. W. Miller, H. Ning, and R. Altemus, “Remote optical fiber dosimetry,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, vol. 184, no. 1-2, pp. 55–67, 2001.

1998 (1)

B. J. Briscoe, L. Fiori, and E. Pelillo, “Nano-indentation of polymeric surfaces,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., vol. 31, pp. 2395–2405, 1998.

1996 (1)

M. Niklès, L. Thévenaz, and P. A. Robert, “Simple distributed fiber sensor based on Brillouin gain spectrum analysis,” Opt. Lett., vol. 21, no. 10, pp. 758–760, 1996.

1994 (1)

P. Niay, “Behaviour of Bragg gratings, written in germanosilicate fibers, against γ-ray exposure at low dose rate,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 1350–1352, 1994.

1992 (1)

H. Henschel, O. Köhn, and H. U. Schmidt, “Optical fibres as radiation dosimeters,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, vol. 69, no. 2/3, pp. 307–314, 1992.

1990 (1)

T. Kurashima, T. Horiguchi, and M. Tateda, “Distributed-temperature sensing using stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical silica fibers,” Opt. Lett., vol. 15, no. 18, pp. 1038–1040, 1990.

1986 (1)

M. J. Matthewson, C. R. Kurkjian, and S. T. Gulati, “Strength measurement of optical fibers by bending,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., vol. 69, no. 11, pp. 815–821, 1986.

1985 (1)

R. M. Shelby, M. D. Levenson, and P. W. Bayer, “Guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering,” Phys. Rev. B, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 5244–5252, 1985.

1976 (1)

M. K. Barnoski and S. M. Jensen, “Fiber waveguides: A novel technique for investigating attenuation characteristics,” Appl. Opt., vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 2112–2115, 1976.

1974 (1)

E. J. Friebele, D. L. Griscom, and G. H. Sigel, “Defect centers in a germanium-doped silica core optical fiber,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 3424–3428, 1974.

1958 (1)

W. Primak, “Fast-neutron-induced changes in quartz and vitreous silica,” Phys. Rev. B, vol. 110, no. 6, pp. 1240–1254, 1958.

Abrardi, L.

Achten, F.

Alasia, D.

Allen, R. S.

A. A. Stolov, B. E. Slyman, D. T. Burgess, A. S. Hokansson, J. Li, and R. S. Allen, “Effects of sterilization methods on key properties of specialty optical fibers used in medical devices,” Proc. SPIE Opt. Fibers Sensors for Med. Diagnostics Treat. Appl. XIII, 857606, 2013, vol. 8576.

Altemus, R.

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