Abstract

Key distribution is a major challenge of secure communication. Computational approaches to key distribution are breached by quantum algorithms, while quantum key distribution (QKD) is an expensive, slow, and sophisticated solution. Secure key generation and distribution from unpredictable and inherent physical-layer properties of optical fiber channel is a classical, simple and cost-effective solution. However, the quasi-static nature of fiber channels dramatically limits the available key generation rate (KGR) to the order of ∼kbit/s. Here we effectively accelerate the KGR by six orders of magnitude using a developed high-speed chaotic polarization scrambler (CPS) driven by digital chaos in fiber channels. An error-free KGR of 284.8 Mbit/s is experimentally demonstrated over a 24 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF), where the generated key passes the random test suite. Moreover, we fully analyze the security mechanism and find that a strong asymmetry exists between legal and illegal users, ensuring a high-level of security against potential fiber-tapping attacks. This scheme provides a major step towards the practical implementation of the “one-time-pad” in secure data transmission over fiber networks.

Accelerated key generation and distribution using polarization scrambling in optical fiber

Adnan A. E. Hajomer, Liuming Zhang, Xuelin Yang, and Weisheng Hu
Opt. Express 27(24) 35761-35773 (2019)

Unidirectional physical layer secure key distribution in a fiber channel assisted by neural networks

Liuming Zhang, Xinran Huang, Zhi Chai, Zanwei Shen, Weisheng Hu, and Xuelin Yang
Opt. Lett. 47(16) 4263-4266 (2022)

10 Gb/s physical-layer key distribution in fiber using amplified spontaneous emission

Xinran Huang, Liuming Zhang, Zhi Chai, Zanwei Shen, Qi Wu, Weisheng Hu, and Xuelin Yang
Opt. Lett. 48(3) 586-589 (2023)

Error-free secure key generation and distribution using dynamic Stokes parameters

Liuming Zhang, Adnan A. E. Hajomer, Xuelin Yang, and Weisheng Hu
Opt. Express 27(20) 29207-29216 (2019)

Point to multi-point physical-layer key generation and distribution in passive optical networks

Liuming Zhang, Xinran Huang, Weisheng Hu, and Xuelin Yang
Opt. Lett. 46(13) 3223-3226 (2021)