Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of orthorhombic YbFeO<sub>3</sub> thin film

Anshu Gaur; Mahamad Ahamad Mohiddon; Venugopal Rao Soma; Venugopal Rao Soma

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.431976

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 38,
Issue 11,
pp. 3482-3490
(2021)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.431976

Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of orthorhombic YbFeO₃ thin film

Anshu Gaur, Mahamad Ahamad Mohiddon, and Venugopal Rao Soma

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Anshu Gaur, Mahamad Ahamad Mohiddon, and Venugopal Rao Soma, "Ultrafast nonlinear optical properties of orthorhombic YbFeO₃ thin film," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 38, 3482-3490 (2021)

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Abstract

Tuning magnetization in rare-earth orthoferrites (${\rm{RFe}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$) by ultrashort laser pulses is one of the emerging interests of new technologies. It subsequently revitalized the interest in light intensity-dependent nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of orthoferrites. The present work reports the results from femtosecond (fs) NLO characterization of ${\rm{YbFe}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$ thin film by the standard Z-scan technique in open- and closed-aperture configurations. The thin film sample of ${\rm{YbFe}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$ deposited on quartz substrate is irradiated with ${\sim}{{50}}\;{\rm{fs}}$ laser pulses of varying input powers. ${\rm{YbFe}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$ exhibited reverse saturable absorption characteristics at the excitation wavelengths of 600 and 800 nm. The observed NL absorption characteristics are associated with the electronic excitation between ${\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}^{3 +}}$ 3d-orbitals and charge transfer transition from O 2p-orbital to ${\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}^{3 +}}$ 3d-orbitals, respectively. The NL parameters are estimated using the coupled-type absorption model for simultaneous linear and two-photon absorption (2PA) developed previously by our group and found comparable to that of the many other mixed oxide materials such as $({\rm{Ba}},{\rm{Sr}}){\rm{Ti}}{{\rm{O}}_3}$. The NL coefficients are correlated with linear absorption characteristics at 2PA wavelengths and with the theoretical 2PA model based on parabolic and nonparabolic band structures reported in the literature.

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	Absorption Spectrum			Raman
Lattice Parameter (Å)	Peak Position (eV)	Bandgap (eV)	Transition Assigned [15]	Modes ( $c m^{- 1}$ )	Designation	Responsible Atomic Motion [26]
$a = 5.23$	2.45	1.9	Fe d-d on site	180	$1 B_{2 g}$	Yb out of phase
$b = 5.53$	3.3	2.55	O 2p - Fe 3 d Charge transfer	269	$2 A_{g}$	$F e O_{6}$ rotation
$c = 7.53$	$> 3.9$	3.9	O 2p - Fe 3 d	330	$1 A_{g}$ , $2 B_{2 g}$	O(1) x–z plane
	(suppressed in saturation)		Charge transfer	492	$1 A_{g}$ , $B_{2 g}$	O(1)-Fe-O(2) Scissors like bending

$λ$ nm	$I_{0} G W / {c m}^{2}$	$I_{S 1} \times 1 0^{12} W / {c m}^{2}$	$β_{0}$ cm/W	$n$ [10,36,37]	$f (α)$	$f (α) / n^{2} E_{g}^{3}$	$δ (f (α) / n^{2} E_{g}^{3}) %$
600	0.21	19.8	$9.0 \times 1 0^{- 10}$	2.5	1.10	$2.96 \times 1 0^{- 3}$
	0.37	8.80	$1.1 \times 1 0^{- 9}$		(parabolic)
	0.66	2.03	$2.9 \times 1 0^{- 9}$		0.72	$1.94 \times 1 0^{- 3}$	34 ( $Δ ≪ E_{g}$ )
					0.49	$1.32 \times 1 0^{- 3}$	55 ( $Δ ≫ E_{g}$ )
					(nonparabolic)
800	0.22	0.86	$5.3 \times 1 0^{- 9}$	2.25	3.89	$4.9 \times 10^{- 2}$
	0.35	0.71	$6.1 \times 1 0^{- 9}$		(parabolic)
	0.61	0.55	$7.9 \times 1 0^{- 9}$		1.80	$2.27 \times 10^{- 2}$	54 ( $Δ ≫ E_{g}$ )
	0.71	0.52	$9.4 \times 1 0^{- 9}$		1.32	$1.55 \times 10^{- 2}$	69 ( $Δ ≫ E_{g}$ )
					(nonparabolic)

	Absorption Spectrum			Raman
Lattice Parameter (Å)	Peak Position (eV)	Bandgap (eV)	Transition Assigned [15]	Modes ( $c m^{- 1}$ )	Designation	Responsible Atomic Motion [26]
$a = 5.23$	2.45	1.9	Fe d-d on site	180	$1 B_{2 g}$	Yb out of phase
$b = 5.53$	3.3	2.55	O 2p - Fe 3 d Charge transfer	269	$2 A_{g}$	$F e O_{6}$ rotation
$c = 7.53$	$> 3.9$	3.9	O 2p - Fe 3 d	330	$1 A_{g}$ , $2 B_{2 g}$	O(1) x–z plane
	(suppressed in saturation)		Charge transfer	492	$1 A_{g}$ , $B_{2 g}$	O(1)-Fe-O(2) Scissors like bending

$λ$ nm	$I_{0} G W / {c m}^{2}$	$I_{S 1} \times 1 0^{12} W / {c m}^{2}$	$β_{0}$ cm/W	$n$ [10,36,37]	$f (α)$	$f (α) / n^{2} E_{g}^{3}$	$δ (f (α) / n^{2} E_{g}^{3}) %$
600	0.21	19.8	$9.0 \times 1 0^{- 10}$	2.5	1.10	$2.96 \times 1 0^{- 3}$
	0.37	8.80	$1.1 \times 1 0^{- 9}$		(parabolic)
	0.66	2.03	$2.9 \times 1 0^{- 9}$		0.72	$1.94 \times 1 0^{- 3}$	34 ( $Δ ≪ E_{g}$ )
					0.49	$1.32 \times 1 0^{- 3}$	55 ( $Δ ≫ E_{g}$ )
					(nonparabolic)
800	0.22	0.86	$5.3 \times 1 0^{- 9}$	2.25	3.89	$4.9 \times 10^{- 2}$
	0.35	0.71	$6.1 \times 1 0^{- 9}$		(parabolic)
	0.61	0.55	$7.9 \times 1 0^{- 9}$		1.80	$2.27 \times 10^{- 2}$	54 ( $Δ ≫ E_{g}$ )
	0.71	0.52	$9.4 \times 1 0^{- 9}$		1.32	$1.55 \times 10^{- 2}$	69 ( $Δ ≫ E_{g}$ )
					(nonparabolic)

Anshu Gaur	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-9740
Mahamad Ahamad Mohiddon	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3021-482X
Venugopal Rao Soma	https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5361-7256

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

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