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An improved double-pulse non-normal incidence pumping geometry for transient collisionally excited soft X-ray lasers

Daniel Zimmer, Bernhard Zielbauer, Vincent Bagnoud, Udo Eisenbarth, Dasa Javorkova, and Thomas Kuehl

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

An optimized pumping geometry for transient collisionally excited soft X-ray lasers is presented, similar to the geometry proposed by [1]. In contrast to usual approaches, where a nanosecond pre-pulse is assumed to provide the optimal plasma preparation and a picosecond pulse performs the final heating- and excitation process, two pulses of equal duration in the range around 10 picoseconds are applied. Both pulses are produced in the front end of the CPA pump laser. They are focused onto the target with the same spherical mirror under non-normal incidence geometry, optimized for efficient traveling wave excitation for the main-pulse. A first experiment was performed on Ni-like palladium (14.7 nm) at less than 500mJ total pulse energy on the target. This proves that this configuration is at least as favorable as the standard GRIP scheme, providing much simpler and more reliable operation.

©2008 Optical Society of America

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Figures (4)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. The experimental setup on the left is showing the beamline of the focussing system for the pump laser and the X-ray laser diagnostics. The insert to the right shows the schematic view of the non-normal incidence pumping scheme.

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Fig. 2.
Fig. 2. XRL intensity as a function of the pump pulse incidence angle in the standard GRIP scheme at 27, 29 and 38.5 degrees, compared with results of the double-pulse scheme at 29 degrees (blue stars). The insert shows a spectrum of the Pd-XRL at 14.7 nm produced in the standard scheme.

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Fig. 3.
Fig. 3. On the left: The XRL far-field image pumped by the double-pulse scheme with 500 mJ with a vertical and horizontal divergence of ~9 mrad and ~4.5 mrad respectively. On the right: The XRL far-field image pumped in the standard scheme with 700 mJ showing a divergence of ~4.5 mrad.

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Fig. 4.
Fig. 4. On the left: Dependence of the XRL intensity on the time delay of the pumping pulses with a pulse duration of 11 ps. On the right: Dependence of the XRL intensity on the time duration of the pumping pulses with a pulse delay of 1 ns.

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