Abstract
Reciprocity is a fundamental law in both quantum physics1 and classical physics.2 For electromagnetic scattering by a static dielectric medium, the reciprocity relationship is written as S(k,k′) = S(-k′,-k), where S(k,k′) is the amplitude-scattering coefficient for incident plane wave with wave vector k and scattered plane wave with wave vector k'. Notice that (-k',-k) is the reversed scattering process of the direct scattering (k,k′), and the reciprocity relationship stated above is valid even when the medium has absorption loss.
© 1991 Optical Society of America
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