Abstract
A noncontact optical method has been developed for measuring the linear displacements of an
object to within several angstroms by measuring how the intensity of a light beam coming
from a three-dimensional transmissive holographic diffraction grating (a hologram) depends on
the phase mismatch between the beams incident on the hologram. The phase mismatch
between the beams is caused by the displacement of the object, from which one of the beams
incident on the grating is reflected. It is shown that, when a He?Ne laser (Lambda=633nm)
and a photodetector whose relative error DI/Imax is 0.5X10-3 is used, the error in measuring the
displacement of the object can be brought to about 0.1 nm.
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