Author Affiliations

Myriam Zerrad,^a,* Dikai Niu,^a,b Vincent Aubry,^b Antonin Moreau,^a Vincent Raimbault,^c Rémi Courson,^c Laurent Malaquin,^c Juan Antonio Zapien,^d Ali Passian,^e Fabien Lemarchand,^a Aude Lereu,^a Julien Lumeau,^a Michel Lequime,^a and Claude Amra^a

^aAix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Facultés des sciences – Campus Saint Jérôme, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille, France

^bStellantis, Direction Scientifique, Centre Technique de Vélizy, route de Gisy, Vélizy-Villacoublay, F-78140, France

^cLAAS CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 7, avenue du Colonel Roche BP 54200 31031 Toulouse, France.

^dDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People’s Republic of China

^eQuantum information Science, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37830, USA

^*Corresponding author: myriam.zerrad@fresnel.fr