Design and performance enhancement of an all-optical demultiplexer for optical computing applications employing photonic crystals

Sandip Swarnakar; Yerravalli Saikiran; Kuruva Chavadi Yashwanth; Katta Bhavan Kumar; Naddi Venkata Rakesh; Santosh Kumar; Santosh Kumar

doi:10.1364/AO.486541

Applied Optics
Vol. 62,
Issue 14,
pp. 3567-3573
(2023)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.486541

Design and performance enhancement of an all-optical demultiplexer for optical computing applications employing photonic crystals

Sandip Swarnakar, Yerravalli Saikiran, Kuruva Chavadi Yashwanth, Katta Bhavan Kumar, Naddi Venkata Rakesh, and Santosh Kumar

Not Accessible

Your library or personal account may give you access

Get PDF
Email
Share
Get Citation
Copy Citation Text
Sandip Swarnakar, Yerravalli Saikiran, Kuruva Chavadi Yashwanth, Katta Bhavan Kumar, Naddi Venkata Rakesh, and Santosh Kumar, "Design and performance enhancement of an all-optical demultiplexer for optical computing applications employing photonic crystals," Appl. Opt. 62, 3567-3573 (2023)

Export Citation
- BibTex
- Endnote (RIS)
- HTML
- Plain Text
Citation alert
Save article

Check for updates

Related Topics
Table of Contents Category
- Optical Devices, Sensors, and Detectors
Optics & Photonics Topics
?

The topics in this list come from the Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.

About this Article
History
- Original Manuscript: February 13, 2023
- Revised Manuscript: March 27, 2023
- Manuscript Accepted: March 31, 2023
- Published: May 2, 2023

Abstract

In this paper, a photonic crystal (PhC) based $1 \times 2$ demultiplexer is designed to work efficiently at ${{1550}}\;{\rm{nm}}$, which is the operating wavelength of optical communication. In designing a $1 \times 2$ demultiplexer, the PhC structure employs Y-shaped square-lattice silicon rods with air as its basis in accordance with the principle of beam interference. This study presents a $15 \times 15$ rod-based PhC optimized structure with air as its background. Several distinct phase studies are carried out making use of a wide variety of lattice constant and refractive index values of PhCs. The design achieves enhanced performance in accordance with parameters such as having higher contrast ratio of 15.64 dB, high transmission efficiency of 77.92%, fast response time of 15.03 fs, and low insertion loss of 1.08 dB with optimal values for refractive index (RI), silicon rod radius, and lattice constant. The results of the simulation that used the finite-difference-time-domain technique illustrate the good performance of this structure, which exhibits a higher contrast ratio and bit rate, average transmitted power, and fewer power losses.

Full Article | PDF Article

More Like This

Design of all-optical D flip-flop using photonic crystal waveguides for optical computing and networking

Dalai Gowri Sankar Rao, Venkatrao Palacharla, Sandip Swarnakar, and Santosh Kumar
Appl. Opt. 59(23) 7139-7143 (2020)

All-optical full-adder design based on photonic crystals using nonlinear effects

Reza Talebzadeh, Reza Beiranvand, and Seyed Hossein Moayed
Appl. Opt. 62(11) 2936-2944 (2023)

Design and analysis of an optical three-input AND gate using a photonic crystal fiber

Maddala Rachana, Sandip Swarnakar, Sabbi Vamshi Krishna, and Santosh Kumar
Appl. Opt. 61(1) 77-83 (2022)

Previous Article Next Article

Data availability

Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request.

Cited By

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Cited by links are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Figures (5)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Figure files are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Tables (5)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Article tables are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Equations (3)

You do not have subscription access to this journal. Equations are available to subscribers only. You may subscribe either as an Optica member, or as an authorized user of your institution.

Contact your librarian or system administrator
or
Login to access Optica Member Subscription

Inputs			Phase Angles			Outputs and Their Intensities
SL	A	$R_{1}$	SL	A	$R_{1}$	$Y_{1}$	$Y_{2}$	$Y_{1} . P$	$Y_{2} . P$
0	0	1	–	–	0°	0	0	0.074	0.036
0	1	1	–	0°	0°	1	0	0.6	0.209
1	0	1	180°	–	0°	0	0	0.359	0.093
1	1	1	0°	90°	0°	0	1	0.03	1.108

		Output Intensities
Logic		Lattice Constant Variations
Inputs		0.5		0.6		0.65		0.7
SL	A	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$
0	0	0.0002	0.002	0.07	0.03	0.004	0.17	0.004	0.02
0	1	0.08	0.01	0.6	0.21	0.005	0.17	0.01	0.02
1	0	0.14	0.12	0.36	0.09	0.46	52.13	1.4	3.43
1	1	0.22	0.06	0.03	1.108	0.43	0.005	0.035	0.072

		Output Intensities
		Rod Radius Variations
Logic Inputs		0.06		0.12		0.15		0.18		0.24
SL	A	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$
0	0	0.07	0.03	0.07	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.01	0.009	0.0002	0.06
0	1	0.6	0.21	0.60	0.21	0.07	0.0008	0.02	0.007	0.03	0.1
1	0	0.35	0.09	0.36	0.09	0.06	0.03	0.007	0.003	0.0002	0.06
1	1	0.039	0.038	0.03	1.108	0.015	0.039	0.002	0.002	0.015	0.384

		Output Intensities
		Refractive Index Variations
Logic Inputs		3.3		3.35		3.4		3.45		3.5
SL	A	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$	$Y_{1}$	${\underline{Y}}_{2}$
0	0	0.04	0.3	0.05	0.32	0.07	0.03	0.06	0.32	0.07	0.3
0	1	0.46	0.3	0.55	0.24	0.6	0.21	0.45	0.27	0.56	0.22
1	0	0.27	0.1	0.30	0.08	0.36	0.09	0.28	0.11	0.52	0.06
1	1	0.04	1.24	0.04	1.29	0.03	1.108	0.07	1.17	0.031	1.12

Parameters	Ref. [42]	Ref. [43]	Ref. [44]	Ref. [45]	This Work
Material	Silicon	Silicon	Silicon	Silicon	Silicon
Refractive index (n)	2.73	3.5	$n . r .^{a}$	3.4	3.4
Rod radius ( $µ m$ )	0.115	0.09	$n . r .^{a}$	0.10	0.07
Lattice constant ( $µ m$ )	0.42	0.5	$n . r .^{a}$	0.57	0.6
Size ( $µ m^{2}$ )	536	118.75	$n . r .^{a}$	381.7	81
Contrast ratio (dB)	$n . r .^{a}$	$n . r .^{a}$	2	$n . r .^{a}$	15.64
Insertion laws (dB)	4	$n . r .^{a}$	6.5	$n . r .^{a}$	1.08
Response time (fs)	$n . r .^{a}$	$n . r .^{a}$	19000	$n . r .^{a}$	15.03
Transmission efficiency	86.5%	$n . r .^{a}$	$n . r .^{a}$	$n . r .^{a}$	77.92%
Bit rate ( $Tb / s$ )	$n . r .^{a}$	$n . r .^{a}$	0.2	$n . r .^{a}$	66.53

Abstract

Data availability

Cited By

Figures (5)

Tables (5)

Equations (3)

Applied Optics