Abstract
Specific and highly-sensitive biochemical detection technology is
particularly important in global epidemics and has critical applications
in life science, medical diagnosis, and pharmaceutics. As a newly
developed technology, the THz metamaterial-based sensing method is a
promising technique for extremely sensitive biomolecular detection.
However, due to the significant resonant peaks generated by THz
metamaterials, the characteristic absorption peaks of the analyte are
usually masked, making it difficult to distinguish enantiomers and
specifically identify target biomolecules. Recently, new ways to overcome
this limitation have become possible thanks to the emergence of chiral
metasurfaces and the polarization sensing method. Additionally,
functionalized metasurfaces modified by antibodies or other nanomaterials
are also expected to achieve specific sensing with high sensitivity. In
this review, we summarize the main advances in THz metamaterials-based
sensing from a historical perspective as well as application in chiral
recognition and specific detection. Specifically, we introduce the basic
theory and key technology of THz polarization spectrum and chiral sensing
for biochemical detection, and immune sensing based on biomolecular
interaction is also discussed. We mainly focus on chiral recognition and
specific sensing using THz metasurface sensors to cover the most recent
advances in the topic, which is expected to break through the limitations
of traditional THz absorption spectroscopy and chiral spectroscopy in the
visible-infrared band and develop into an irreplaceable method for the
characterization of biochemical substances.
© 2023 Chinese Laser Press
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